Rossi Blog Reader
This website tracks recent postings to Andrea Rossi's
Journal of Nuclear Physics,
sorting the entries with priority to Rossi's answers, which appear under each question.
• Email to Andrea Rossi - Journal Of Nuclear Physics
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• Updated: 2025-05-21 18:10:09.377857Z
Dr. Rossi,
regarding artificial intelligence, a topic that is being discussed a lot these days.
Beyond the suggestions that are given you on these pages, are you and your partners already using AI to help you make organizational/commercial/production decisions etc.?
kind regards,
Italo R.
Italo R.:
I am using the A.I. for my technological and scientific purposes; I am passing all the suggestions arriving for organizational /commercial/production decisions to Leonardo’s Licensee,
Warm Regards,
A.R.
Dear Andrea,
I asked Grok about how you could make sure that your technology will defend attacks by big energy players. There were several answers, an interesting one was this:
—
Engage Governments and NGOs in Emerging Markets:
Why: Big energy has less influence in developing nations hungry for affordable, clean energy solutions.
How: Pitch the E-Cat to governments or NGOs in countries with energy access challenges (e.g., in Africa or Southeast Asia). Offer pilot projects to power rural communities or microgrids, emphasizing sustainability.
Impact: Success in these markets could create international momentum, making it harder for big energy to suppress the technology globally.
—
Are there any plans to do this or do you think that could become a second pillar of your go to market strategy?
Best regards,
Philippe
Philippe:
Thank you for the suggestion,
Warm Regards,
A.R.
Dr Rossi,
Can you disclose the continent where the Licensee of Leonardo Corporation has his facility ?
Benjamin,
They will do it when will deem it opportune. It does not depend on me,
Warm Regards,
A.R.
Sorry for the duplicate. I meant to post as follows:
AI Question:
Are non disclosure agreements enforceable in the peer review process
AI Answer:
Confidentiality and Nondisclosure Agreements Explained …
Non-disclosure agreements (NDAs) are generally considered enforceable in the peer review process, especially when they are properly drafted and executed.
Here’s a breakdown of why and how NDAs function within peer review:
1. Confidentiality is Crucial:
Peer review often involves the evaluation of sensitive and potentially novel research proposals, manuscripts, or other intellectual property.
Maintaining confidentiality allows for candid feedback and protects the authors’ work until it is publicly available.
2. NDAs Establish Legal Obligations:
When reviewers agree to participate in a peer review process, they are often asked to sign an NDA or confidentiality agreement.
These agreements legally obligate the reviewer to keep the reviewed material confidential.
NDAs typically define what constitutes confidential information and outline the reviewer’s obligations.
3. Enforcement and Potential Consequences:
Breaching a properly executed NDA can lead to legal ramifications.
These may include lawsuits, financial penalties, or other remedies depending on the terms of the agreement and applicable laws.
Organizations involved in the peer review process (e.g., funding agencies, journals) may also take disciplinary actions against reviewers who violate confidentiality.
4. Key Considerations for Enforceability:
Proper Drafting:
NDAs must be carefully drafted to be enforceable. This includes clearly defining confidential information, specifying obligations, and establishing a reasonable time frame.
Consideration:
Like any contract, an NDA needs consideration, meaning there has to be a “bargain for exchange” between the parties.
Reasonableness:
Courts may invalidate or limit NDAs that are overly broad, vague, or unreasonable in their scope or duration.
In summary: NDAs are a standard practice in peer review to safeguard the confidentiality of the reviewed materials and to create a legal framework for protecting intellectual property.
axil:
Thank you for your continue help and suggestions,
Warm Regards,
A.R.
To Axil and Philippe
I thank you both for your reactions to my request for AI suggestions on strategies that are considered important in the situation that a presentation of a new and revolutionary energy technology is facing.
(AR himself refers to Mats Lewan’s book: An Impossible Invention in this context.)
The advice that emerges seems important in this context.
My hope is that this can be of help to AR and Leonardo Corporation.
This is because the day when industrially produced E-Cat’s are on the market, it is no longer an: Impossible Invention, but an: Available Invention, which will probably trigger an explosive demand.
The significant global economic changes this will entail, may trigger a lot of irrational resistance that makes AR need solid scientific and functional support and strategies.
Svein
Your partners may be well served to state recruiting best in class experts to peer review the NGU before the NGU reaches the market.
An NDA would protect the NDA IP even if the peer review is performed before the NGU is in the prototype stage.
AI Question:
Are non disclosure agreements enforceable in the peer review process
AI Answer:
Confidentiality and Nondisclosure Agreements Explained …
Non-disclosure agreements (NDAs) are generally considered enforceable in the peer review process, especially when they are properly drafted and executed.
Here’s a breakdown of why and how NDAs function within peer review:
1. Confidentiality is Crucial:
Peer review often involves the evaluation of sensitive and potentially novel research proposals, manuscripts, or other intellectual property.
Maintaining confidentiality allows for candid feedback and protects the authors’ work until it is publicly available.
2. NDAs Establish Legal Obligations:
When reviewers agree to participate in a peer review process, they are often asked to sign an NDA or confidentiality agreement.
These agreements legally obligate the reviewer to keep the reviewed material confidential.
NDAs typically define what constitutes confidential information and outline the reviewer’s obligations.
3. Enforcement and Potential Consequences:
Breaching a properly executed NDA can lead to legal ramifications.
These may include lawsuits, financial penalties, or other remedies depending on the terms of the agreement and applicable laws.
Organizations involved in the peer review process (e.g., funding agencies, journals) may also take disciplinary actions against reviewers who violate confidentiality.
4. Key Considerations for Enforceability:
Proper Drafting:
NDAs must be carefully drafted to be enforceable. This includes clearly defining confidential information, specifying obligations, and establishing a reasonable time frame.
Consideration:
Like any contract, an NDA needs consideration, meaning there has to be a “bargain for exchange” between the parties.
Reasonableness:
Courts may invalidate or limit NDAs that are overly broad, vague, or unreasonable in their scope or duration.
In summary: NDAs are a standard practice in peer review to safeguard the confidentiality of the reviewed materials and to create a legal framework for protecting intellectual property.
AI Question
Upon the release of the NGU to the marketplace, it is almost certain that science will begin its evaluation of the NGU in the form of a peer review. It will likely be impossible to prevent such a process from being conducted. The question is will the Partnership controlling the NGU support such a review to avoid any misinterpretation and preconceptions that have undercut the field of LENT since its inception? On the plus side, such a review will provide facts that will counter the false propaganda that the various energy production competitors will use to discredit the NGU as a fraud. Will there be an effort to circumvent such a peer review by the partnership. Can such a peer review be stopped by legal proceedings or other methods? If a peer review does take place, it might be best structured in levels as follows: first to verify if the NGU meets its specifications in terms of performance and longevity. Next, the scientific principle upon which the NGU is operating should be addressed.
AI Answer
It’s a very pertinent question regarding the potential impact of a peer review process on the acceptance and understanding of a novel technology like the NGU (likely referring to a new energy technology).
Here’s a breakdown of the issues you raised:
1. Importance of Peer Review for NGU:
Combating Misconceptions and Misinformation:
Peer review is essential to address potential skepticism and misinformation, particularly from competitors who might try to discredit the technology.
Building Credibility and Trust:
A favorable peer review by independent experts would significantly increase the scientific and public acceptance of the NGU.
Addressing Historical Challenges in LENR:
Your point about “misinterpretations and preconceptions” undermining the field of Low-Energy Nuclear Reactions (LENR) is valid. Rigorous peer review could help prevent a repeat of past issues in this field, potentially related to Cold Fusion.
Establishing Scientific Validity:
Peer review helps establish the validity and robustness of scientific claims, ensuring that the NGU’s performance and underlying scientific principles are sound.
2. Partnership’s Role and Potential Opposition:
Supporting Peer Review:
The partnership controlling the NGU should ideally embrace and actively support a thorough peer review. This demonstrates transparency and confidence in the technology.
Circumventing or Hindering Review:
Attempts to circumvent or hinder a legitimate peer review would raise serious concerns about the technology’s validity and the partnership’s integrity.
Legal Challenges:
It’s unlikely that legal proceedings could effectively stop a peer review process within the scientific community, especially if the NGU is publicly available.
3. Suggested Multi-Level Peer Review:
Level 1:
Performance and Longevity: Verifying the NGU’s performance against its stated specifications and assessing its longevity is a crucial first step.
Level 2:
Underlying Scientific Principles: Once the performance is validated, a deeper investigation into the scientific principles governing the NGU is necessary.
Transparency and Open Communication:
Regardless of the structure, the review process should be transparent and allow for open communication of findings.
In Conclusion:
A well-structured, unbiased, and transparent peer review process is critical for the NGU’s credibility and acceptance. The controlling partnership’s willingness to support such a review will be a key factor in building trust and fostering the technology’s successful adoption. Opposition to peer review would likely be counterproductive, fueling suspicion and potentially hindering its development.
AI Question
Upon the release of the NGU to the marketplace, it is almost certain that science will begin its evaluation of the NGU in the form of a peer review. It will likely be impossible to prevent such a process to be conducted. The question is will the Partnership controlling the NGU support such a review to avoid any misinterpretation and preconceptions that have undercut the field of LENT since its inception? On the plus side, such a review will provide facts that will counter the false propaganda that the various energy production competitors will use to discredit the NGU as a fraud. Will there be an effort to circumvent such a peer review by the partnership. Can such a peer review be stopped by legal proceedings or other methods? If a peer review does take place, it might be best structured in levels as follows: first to verify if the NGU meets its specifications in terms of performance and longevity. Next, the scientific principle upon which the NGU is operating should be addressed.
AI Answer
It’s a very pertinent question regarding the potential impact of a peer review process on the acceptance and understanding of a novel technology like the NGU (likely referring to a new energy technology).
Here’s a breakdown of the issues you raised:
1. Importance of Peer Review for NGU:
Combating Misconceptions and Misinformation:
Peer review is essential to address potential skepticism and misinformation, particularly from competitors who might try to discredit the technology.
Building Credibility and Trust:
A favorable peer review by independent experts would significantly increase the scientific and public acceptance of the NGU.
Addressing Historical Challenges in LENR:
Your point about “misinterpretations and preconceptions” undermining the field of Low-Energy Nuclear Reactions (LENR) is valid. Rigorous peer review could help prevent a repeat of past issues in this field, potentially related to Cold Fusion.
Establishing Scientific Validity:
Peer review helps establish the validity and robustness of scientific claims, ensuring that the NGU’s performance and underlying scientific principles are sound.
2. Partnership’s Role and Potential Opposition:
Supporting Peer Review:
The partnership controlling the NGU should ideally embrace and actively support a thorough peer review. This demonstrates transparency and confidence in the technology.
Circumventing or Hindering Review:
Attempts to circumvent or hinder a legitimate peer review would raise serious concerns about the technology’s validity and the partnership’s integrity.
Legal Challenges:
It’s unlikely that legal proceedings could effectively stop a peer review process within the scientific community, especially if the NGU is publicly available.
3. Suggested Multi-Level Peer Review:
Level 1:
Performance and Longevity: Verifying the NGU’s performance against its stated specifications and assessing its longevity is a crucial first step.
Level 2:
Underlying Scientific Principles: Once the performance is validated, a deeper investigation into the scientific principles governing the NGU is necessary.
Transparency and Open Communication:
Regardless of the structure, the review process should be transparent and allow for open communication of findings.
In Conclusion:
A well-structured, unbiased, and transparent peer review process is critical for the NGU’s credibility and acceptance. The controlling partnership’s willingness to support such a review will be a key factor in building trust and fostering the technology’s successful adoption. Opposition to peer review would likely be counterproductive, fueling suspicion and potentially hindering its development.
Dearest ing. Rossi,
Beyond the magnificence of your revolutionary invention,
considering how important is the energy,
I see no equal in the past human history.
I have couple of curiosity:
1) how did you established the E-cat life cycle of about 100kh ?
2) looking forward to make my home independent from the electrical grid,
did you already installed some how the E-cat in your home?
Warm Regards
Gianluca
GD:
Thank you for your support.
Answers:
1- it is not estabilished, it is just supposed on the base of projections
2- the Ecats are working in restricted areas with security protection
Warm Regards,
A.R.
Dr Rossi,
which will be your position in the Licensee’s company ?
Jean Paul Renoir:
Chief Scientist,
Warm Regards,
A.R.
Dear Andrea,
Could you clarify what the relationship is between Leonardo Corporation and the new partner?
Thank you very much,
Frank Acland
Frank Acland:
The exact situation is this: Leonardo Corporation is the Licensor; the Lead Partner is the manufacturing and sales Licensee and he has two Partners that joined him, one is an electricity generation, distribution company, one is a financial fund.
Warm Regards,
A.R.
I believe that this inverter can provide many of the services that a large grid system, powered by a high proportion of NGU/SKLeps, will need : ECCO SUNSYNC INVERTER – SYNK-7K-SG05LP1
https://www.sunsynk.org/7kw-ecco-hybrid-inverter
https://www.sunsynk.org/_files/ugd/52fa1b_ea1d3b954652435b936f8ff0fafee52a.pdf
Grid Supply Page
Paralleling Inverters Advanced Settings
Grid power export or consumed
Peak shaving power: This is a technique used to reduce electrical power consumption during periods of maximum demand on the utility grid.
Paul Dodgshun:
Thank you for the links,
Warm Regards,
A.R.
Dearest Andrea.
Yesterday I happened to read a newspaper article about the fact that, at the end of 2024, there were 6,471
patents classified under the Invention Secrecy Act chapter 17 sec.181-182-183-184. Especially
concerning the energy issue.
What do you think about it?
Thanks
gianluca:
Yes, this is an important issue that will be explained in due time,
Warm Regards,
A.R.
Dearest Andrea
has the planning of future necessary assistance already been evaluated? Can you already say something about how you intend to carry out any repair and/or replacement interventions under warranty?
thanks
Hi Andrea, very happy to have been wrong.
After this dutiful mea culpa, I have to ask a “delicate” question:
since production is expected to reach millions of units, is there a fear that there may be a shortage of some natural element indispensable to the continuity of the assembly line?
Gianvico:
No,
Warm Regards,
A.R.
Dear Andrea,
I bet you have something to teach this science communicator about ball lightning.
https://youtu.be/w_cX32Flb7I?si=YeJ_KqVp44kXFH3X
Regards, Giuseppe
Giuseppe Censorio:
Thank you for the link,
Warm Regards,
A.R.
Dr Rossi,
I studied carefully the publication
http://www.researchgate.net/publication/330601653_E-Cat_SK_and_long_range_particle_interactions
I want to congratulate with you for this publication of paramount importance; it is not a case that it is the publication that had the highest total readings of all the millions of scientific publications on Researchgate.
Adam
Adam:
Thank you for your support,
Warm Regards,
A.R.
To Axil
On May 18th, you presented an AI generated plan for the adoption of E-Cat in the world energy market.
This had many clear and logical recommendations.
However, it did not understand the extent to which threats from existing technologies, in both economics and other contexts, represent.
You should try to formulate this, seperatly, in a new AI question.
Svein
Dr Rossi,
Aren’t you afraid that the paper
http://www.researchgate.net/publication/330601653_E-Cat_SK_and_long_range_particle_interactions
could allow reverse engineering, after the paragraphs 5, 6 have been replicated as we read on this blog in many comments ?
Best
Gerard
Gerard:
I am not able to answer,
Warm Regards,
A.R.
Now that the NGU is close to commercialization, there is a need to adopt a plan to optimize the acceptance of the NGU by the public. I ask the AI to suggest such a plan that provides a framework that optimizes the adoption of the NGU into our current lifestyle.
Dr. Rossi might be well served to discuss with his partners to form a plan to optimize the prospects for the adoption of the NGU both in their own businesses and throughout society in general.
Once the NGU is available on the market, it might be useful for early adopters to demonstrate as suggested by the AI to show how they are using the NGU to improve their daily lives through video based demos and open discussions around the WEB. This might include contact with your political representatives to extoll the advantages of NGU adoption that the NGU might provide
AI Question
Recommend a plan that will optimize the adoption of the NGU system into general use in society. Assume that the NGU produces electric energy without the need for fuel; assume that the science community is hostel to the NGU as well as the purveyors of all forms of energy production currently in use or currently under development.
The AI Plan
Okay, this is a fascinating and challenging scenario! Introducing a revolutionary energy source like the NGU, which generates electricity without fuel, while facing opposition from both the scientific community and the established energy industry, requires a multi-faceted and strategic approach. Here’s a plan to optimize NGU adoption, addressing the key hurdles:
I. Overcoming Scientific Skepticism:
Transparency & Open Access:
Rigorous Testing & Documentation:
Conduct extensive, independent, and transparent testing of the NGU. Meticulously document every step of the process, including data, methodology, and results. Make all this information publicly available.
Open-Source Design:
Release a simplified, open-source version of the NGU design. Allow researchers and developers to replicate, test, and improve the technology. This fosters trust and invites collaboration.
Peer-Review & Independent Validation: Encourage independent scientific organizations to evaluate the NGU. Submit findings for peer review in reputable journals. Address critiques transparently and rigorously.
Focus on Demonstrable Results:
Pilot Programs:
Implement small-scale pilot programs in communities where the need for affordable energy is high. Showcase the NGU’s real-world performance and its positive impact on lives.
Data-Driven Advocacy:
Use the performance data from pilot programs to build a compelling case for the NGU. Demonstrate its efficiency, reliability, and cost-effectiveness.
Build Alliances:
Engage Forward-Thinking Scientists:
Find and partner with open-minded scientists who are willing to investigate the NGU despite the initial skepticism.
Foster Collaboration: Offer research grants and partnerships to universities and labs to explore applications of the NGU.
II. Bypassing the Entrenched Energy Industry:
Decentralized Deployment:
Microgrids & Community Power:
Focus on deploying the NGU in decentralized, community-based microgrids. This empowers local communities and bypasses large-scale energy infrastructure.
Off-Grid Solutions: Promote the NGU as a solution for remote and off-grid areas. This demonstrates its potential for independent power generation and can create a strong user base.
Economic Incentives:
Subsidies and Tax Breaks:
Lobby for government incentives that directly benefit early adopters of the NGU.
Reduce Energy Costs: Show that widespread adoption of the NGU will lead to significant reductions in energy bills, and emphasize the long-term financial benefits.
Invest in Education:
Implement training programs to equip individuals and communities with the knowledge and skills to manufacture, install, and maintain the NGU, creating local economic opportunities.
Empower Consumers:
User-Friendly Designs:
Develop user-friendly versions of the NGU for residential and small-business use.
Focus on Cost Savings:
Emphasize how the NGU can empower people and businesses to be energy-independent and eliminate utility bills, creating a strong incentive for adoption.
Strategic Partnerships:
Non-Profits & NGOs: Collaborate with organizations focused on environmental sustainability, poverty alleviation, and community development.
Local Governments:
Work with local and municipal authorities to establish the NGU within existing community infrastructure.
Transparency & Communication:
Educate the Public:
Communicate the technology to the public in a clear and simple way, focusing on the practical benefits it offers.
Address Concerns:
Openly address any potential downsides of the technology as well as the advantages, and encourage transparency, making sure the public knows that you are not hiding anything.
Build Public Trust:
Act with integrity and transparency to establish trust with the public.
III. Strategic Communication & Public Engagement:
Focus on Benefits:
Communicate the NGU’s benefits for the general public: clean energy, lower costs, greater energy independence, and reduced carbon footprint.
Visual Storytelling:
Create compelling visual content (videos, infographics) showcasing the technology and its impact.
Highlight Success Stories:
Share powerful stories of communities and individuals who have benefited from the NGU.
Engage on Social Media:
Build a strong online presence to communicate updates and engage with the public.
Build a Grassroots Movement:
Encourage a community of enthusiastic users and advocates who can promote the NGU in their networks.
IV. Regulatory & Legal Strategies:
Work with Progressive Regulators: Advocate for the technology with regulators who are open to innovative and sustainable energy solutions.
Highlight the Public Benefit: Emphasize the potential of the technology for public welfare, reducing reliance on fossil fuels, and improving air quality.
Prepare for Legal Challenges:
Be prepared to address potential legal challenges from established energy interests. Have the legal resources and support available.
Key Success Factors:
Patience and Persistence:
Overcoming entrenched systems takes time and sustained effort.
Collaboration:
Building alliances across different sectors is essential.
Transparency:
Being open and honest builds trust and reduces skepticism.
Adaptability:
Be willing to adjust the plan as the situation evolves.
By implementing this multifaceted approach, the NGU can slowly gain public support, overcome scientific skepticism, and build a groundswell of demand that eventually pushes it past the opposition from the current energy industry. This is not going to be an easy or quick process, but a persistent and well-executed strategy can eventually achieve success.
axil:
Thank you for your suggestions,
Warm Regards,
A.R.
Thank you, Andrea, for that wonderful quote. Upon googling it I see that it has been attributed to G. Michael Hopf.
——————-
History always repeats: hard times generate strong guys, strong guys generate easy times, easy times generate weak guys, weak guys generate hard times…and so on again and again across millennia.
Warm Regards,
A.R.
——————-
Seems to me we are quite far advanced in Stage 3. Anyone disagree?
Rodney.
Rodney Nicholson:
Thank you for your quote,
Warm Regards,
A.R.
AI Question
What is your opinion about this subject: The classical way to control a network like the grid is through a Network Control Center(NCC). The smart grid can be separated into various zones that interconnect with a redundant failsafe NCC managing all the connected systems that are producing grid power in that zone. This control is enabled using PLC ( Power Line Communication protocol) where network management commands are sent down interconnecting power lines to tell each power producing system what to do. Security is addressed through the use of robust encryption and authentication methods enforced on the PLC protocol. . With such positive control management it is unlikely that the grid will descend into an out of control situation. Other grid functions like power production metering and billing could be handled by the NCC. Insuring equitable treatment, the NCC would also ensure that no power producing system gets an advantage at producing power that is being fed into the grid. It is my speculation that by time the smart grid has matured, Artificial intelligent controllers with manage the grid with human monitors attending.
AI Answer
This is a well-reasoned and interesting perspective on how to manage a smart grid, incorporating both established practices and forward-thinking ideas.
Here’s a breakdown of the key aspects and some thoughts:
1. Network Control Centers (NCCs) and Zonal Management:
Classical Approach: Using NCCs to manage a network is a standard and proven method, particularly in the context of traditional power grids.
Zonal Division: Dividing the smart grid into zones, each with its own NCC, can improve manageability, scalability, and resilience, according to Energy Central.
Redundancy: A redundant failsafe NCC is a crucial aspect for maintaining grid reliability and minimizing downtime in case of failures.
2. Power Line Communication (PLC):
Cost-Effective: PLC leverages existing power lines for communication, which can be more cost-effective than deploying new communication infrastructure.
Challenges: PLC can be susceptible to noise and interference on power lines, which may require robust error correction and signal processing techniques.
Security: As you mentioned, strong encryption and authentication are essential for securing PLC communication against cyber threats.
3. Centralized Control vs. Distributed Control:
Centralized Control: The proposed model emphasizes centralized control with NCCs, which allows for coordinated grid management and optimization.
Distributed Control: Some experts argue for a more distributed control approach in smart grids, leveraging edge computing and local intelligence to improve responsiveness and resilience.
Hybrid Approach: A hybrid approach that combines elements of centralized and distributed control could be a viable option.
4. Equitable Treatment of Power Producers:
NCC Role: The NCC’s role in ensuring equitable treatment and preventing any power producer from gaining an unfair advantage is a crucial aspect of fair market operation.
Transparency and Algorithms: Achieving equitable treatment might require transparent algorithms and market mechanisms to prevent manipulation.
5. Future of AI-Powered Grid Management:
AI Potential: The idea of AI-powered controllers managing the grid with human oversight is a compelling vision for the future.
Real-time Optimization: AI can significantly enhance grid optimization, forecasting, and anomaly detection, leading to better grid stability and efficiency.
Challenges: However, AI models require extensive training data, continuous monitoring, and careful handling of potential biases.
Overall:
Your vision of a smart grid with zonal NCCs, PLC-based communication, robust security, and equitable treatment of power producers is a well-structured concept.
The potential of AI to further enhance grid management and optimization is also a key consideration for the future.
As the smart grid evolves, finding the right balance between centralized and distributed control, as well as addressing the challenges associated with PLC and AI, will be essential for building a resilient and efficient energy infrastructure.
axil:
I agree,
Warm Regards,
A.R.
Dr. Rossi,
I think the conversation about entropy and God’s existence is very interesting.
I think there’s something missing in your reasoning: evolution.
The complex structures are not created in one go from a clean slate but they start from a previous state, differentiate in many varieties and are selected by evolution.
These steps make the probabilities completely different.
Let’s take something similar as an example: function optimization.
We have an unknown multi-dimensional function that we can compute point by point at a somewhat high cost.
We want to find a maximum value and position. Global maximum would be best but a local maximum is good enough. Because anyway humans are far from global maximum as an entity.
We can proceed naively by trying with random coordinates hoping to hit a maximum.
That’s EXTREMELY wasteful and EXTREMELY unlikely to happen.
Or we can make some very basic and reasonable assumptions on the function shape and apply one of the many advanced optimisation algorithms that we invented.
Let’s start with a simple algorithm:
– we pick a set of random points around our starting position (the starting position will be a random position initially)
– we compute their value and keep the best one
– we set it as new starting position and iterate
We can keep just one point during the selection process or keep multiple ones and proceed with a multi-path search.
That’s similar to what nature does and even an algorithm as simple as that changes probabilities completely compared to testing random points with no logic.
These steps repeated for billions of years creating what we currently experience.
– Initially you have random molecules of any sort.
– More stable molecules will be more abundant simply because they last longer. That’s the first “selection” process.
– Then some molecules happen to be able to grow and replicate by organising raw materials around them. I.e. crystals. They naturally became way more abundant than the others. “Growth” became another main factor
– After some exponential growth raw material started to be scarce
– Molecules that were able to destabilise other molecules and “eat” them got a key advantage. “Eating” became another main factor
– On the other hand molecules that were more resistant to “eating” had an advantage.
– The external boundary is the place where “eating” can happen so the selection of good characteristics of internals and boundaries started to diverge. Even something as simple as surface oxide in copper protects the bulk. That’s the start of topological differentiation as an advantage.
– The environment changes with time. Sometimes periodically. Sometimes not. That adds more selection pressure. Adapting fast can be more important than stability
These are just some examples but there are many more!
You can see as RNA and some kind of cellular structure (just boundary and internal space) can emerge and from them through evolution all the life that we see around us.
But why the life that we see and not something completely different but equally good from an evolutionary standpoint?
Even after considering the starting position and the external forces there would be innumerable equally “good” possibilities.
Why did we land in this one?
That was just random and how chaos works.
While exploring for a maximum (in the function optimization example) we happen to hit (picking random surrounding points) the area around this local maximum and we are here.
If we landed in a different “area” we could equally question ourselves about why that one and not another.
So no need for an external invisible hand (or God).
Just physics and the emergent phenomenons that come from the complexity of combining innumerable interactions over billions of years.
That’s my reasoning and thanks for the opportunity to express it.
As a long time follower I wish you the best future for your life and your work!
Best,
Alessandro
Alessandro Ferrari:
I have well present evolution and selection of the more fit charactiristics of species, I studied it, and there are solid bases about the evolutionism, but one thing is evolution of existing organisms, another completely different thing is the creation of an organism: it is simply impossible. We have solid scientific evidence of the evolution of humans, animals, vegetals, but no evidence at all of casual aggregation of matter in a way that can evolve spontaneoulsly into a tree, let alone an animal or a human being: it would be against the third principle of thermodynamic; as I said, it is much more difficult than writing a poem on a sheet of paper pouring billions of billions of times ( not in one go ) a tank of ink, hoping that sooner or later casually this spontaneous evolution can happen, without an original creative act to make an organism able to evolve eventually.
Darwin was right: it the is darwinistic ontological extension of evolutionism into the attribution of pneuma to the matter in an entropical system that is wrong.
Philosophers have ignored Entropy, as much as I am aware of; I think this is a mistake.
Warm Regards,
A.R.
Dear Andrea,
are your partners’ participation shares equal, or does someone have a larger share.
Regards, Giuseppe
Giuseppe Censorio:
Someone has a larger share.
Warm Regards,
A.R.
Axil made an excellent presentation on inverters.
Currently, residential homes with roof-installed solar panels use an inverter coupled with a battery system because solar only provides power when the Sum is shining. In addition, the solar output varies depending on season, clouds, weather, and many other factors.
NGU power generation is continuous and independent of outside factors such as season or weather.
Grid power demands also vary by season and over the day. Typically, the Grid demand is greatest during hot summer daytime hours.
So, how does one balance an NGU power residence with Grid power demands?
On approach might be entirely Off-Grid – where there is no connection to the Grid. This is expensive because there must be sufficient NGU power generating capacity to handle the greatest power demand at any time. You wind up with NGU-generated power being wasted – not consumed most of the time. Adding battery storage helps with daily changes – charge at night when demand is low, discharge the battery system during the day to supplement the constant NGU power generation.
The other alternative is Grid-Tie. Provide a constant level of NGU-generated power and supplement with Grid power when the residential demand is higher than what the NGU system can provide. When the Grid goes down, then you have no power because you are not allowed to send power to the Grid when the Grid is down.
Then there is a Hybrid Grid-Tie. Here the Grid power is only an input/output to the inverter. The inverter applies power to the Residential electrical load, choosing which source, solar, NGU, and/or Grid supply to use. If excess power is available, the inverter can send unused power to the Grid, or excess power could be stored in the battery system for later use. In the event of a Grid outage, the residence could still be power by NGU power and/or battery stored energy.
If the inverter is smart, and the inverter can communication with the Grid system, the amount of power going to the Grid or coming from the Grid could be controlled for optimum Grid conditions. Energy stored in the battery system could be used to supplement Grid power while not overpowering the Grid.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QB8SWE_PBTE&t=19s
Negative energy prices: Why cheap electricity can create huge problems | Transforming Business.
The last three years have seen a rapid increase in renewable energy production across much of Europe. But thanks to the variability of solar and wind energy, sometimes more energy is being produced than can actually be used, which tips prices not only into ultra cheap territory, but sometimes into the negatives. Why’s this happening? And what can be done to better harness a bountiful renewable energy market?
It may cost you money if you send too much NGU electrical power to the Grid. This is called Negative Energy pricing. You might want to use an inverter that disconnects your NGU power feed when the Grid faces an oversupply of electrical power.
Grid-tied inverters are designed to work in conjunction with the electric grid. They monitor the grid’s voltage and frequency, and they output their own power in synchronization with the grid.
This type of inverter can detect power oversupply on the grid and disconnect from it.
Grid-tied inverters are designed to synchronize with the grid’s voltage and frequency. They inject power into the grid when solar panels generate more electricity than the house needs.
Anti-islanding protection prevents “islanding” (where the inverter continues to power a section of the grid even when the main grid is down), inverters are equipped with anti-islanding protection.
If the grid becomes unstable, due to a blackout or other issues, the inverter detects this through abnormal voltage and frequency fluctuations.
Regulations like the National Electrical Code (NEC) in the US mandate that inverters shut down during grid outages to prevent backfeeding power onto the grid, which could endanger line workers.
When the inverter detects an oversupply situation (e.g., high voltage) or an unstable grid (e.g., voltage or frequency outside of acceptable limits), it will disconnect from the grid.
Once disconnected, the inverter typically stops feeding power.
Reconnect: When the grid returns to a stable state, the inverter will usually automatically reconnect and resume normal operation.
In summary: Grid-tied inverters are designed to detect grid instability, including power oversupply, and disconnect to protect both the grid and personnel working on it.
axil:
Thank you for your insights and the links,
Warm Regards,
A.R.
Dr Rossi,
Will your electic grid provider/partner honor the pool of pre-purchase orders or will he be allowed to move ahead and dedicate production to his own needs?
Iggy
Iggy Dalrymple:
Will honor, as I already said,
Warm Regards,
A.R.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7G4ipM2qjfw&t=11s
Connecting Solar to the Grid is Harder Than You Think
A lot of the interesting challenges with renewables are happening behind the scenes.
We’re in the growing pains stage right now, working out the bugs that these new types of energy generation create, but if you pay attention to what’s happening in the industry, it’s mostly good news. A lot of people from all sides of the industry are working really hard on these engineering challenges so that we’ll soon come out with a more reliable, sustainable, and resilient grid on the other end.
There are smart invertors that can protect the Grid from overvoltage failure. Dr. Rossi and his Grid based partner might want to consider recommending or even requiring these various branes of smart inverters to the customer that will protect the Grid from overvoltage failure conditions.
Smart inverters are equipped with features to recognize and react to grid voltage fluctuations, including overvoltage. When an overvoltage is detected, the inverter will usually disconnect from the grid. This prevents the inverter from injecting power into the grid when the voltage is too high, potentially causing harm to the system or equipment.
Disconnection often leads to the inverter shutting down completely, preventing further conversion of DC power to AC and stopping power flow into the home or to the grid.
Some smart inverters can also adjust their output or provide reactive power support to help regulate voltage and stabilize the grid during overvoltage conditions. This can help prevent the grid from further deviating from its normal operating parameters.
The disconnection and shut-down features are crucial safety mechanisms for the inverter and the solar system, preventing damage or overload during abnormal grid conditions.
The smart inverter’s response to overvoltage conditions is designed to ensure compatibility with the grid and to protect both the inverter and the grid.
https://www.energy.gov/eere/solar/solar-integration-inverters-and-grid-services-basics#:~:text=When%20the%20grid%20stops%20behaving,power%20that%20was%20previously%20stored.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8qPXBm1mxtk&t=2s
“Systems integration research in the U.S. Department of Energy Solar Energy Technologies Office (SETO) supports technologies and solutions that enable solar grid integration while ensuring the reliability, resilience, and security of the electric power system. These research, development, and demonstration activities address the key technical challenges in power system planning and operations, solar forecasting and variability management, control optimization, system protection and stabilities, energy storage integration, power electronics, real-time situational awareness, and cybersecurity. In addition, SETO supports the development of industry standards and best practices on interconnection requirements, testing, and validation for solar systems on the bulk power grid as well as the distribution grid.”
One of the steps that should be taken before the NGU is sold on the market is to run smart inverter qualification testing to insure that the smart inverters that are recommended by the NGU marketing team can interoperate with the NGU system. A qualification test should simulate all the grid conditions that the inverter must respond to in both normal and unusual conditions on the grid. The various invertor venders may have a quality assurance program that has done these tests based on solar panel system inputs. The NGU quality assurance program might ask these various smart inverter vendors to participate in a qualification test interfacing with the NGU system using their qualification testing as a template for the NGU tests..
Dear Dr. Rossi,
As history is about to repeat (sort of!), and as E-Cat is about to make history, it is fascinating to look at the commercial success of the Watt steam engine (below).
The steam engine is often mentioned as in the top five most impactful inventions for mankind.
Compared to E-Cat: Cost? Installation challenges? Installation counts? 125 sold in the first 20 years! ROI?
Greg
The Watt steam engine—a significantly improved version of the Newcomen engine—was commercialized in the late 18th century, and it marked a turning point in the Industrial Revolution.
📅 Commercialization Timeline:
1769 – James Watt patents the separate condenser.
1775 – Watt forms a partnership with Matthew Boulton (Boulton & Watt), marking the start of full commercial production.
1780s–1800s – Widespread adoption across mining, manufacturing, and eventually transportation (rail and ships).
💰 Cost:
A typical Watt steam engine in the late 18th century cost around £2,000 to £5,000 (in 18th-century currency). In today’s money, that would be approximately $400,000 to $1 million+ USD, depending on the size and configuration.
First 10 Years (1775–1785):
~20 to 25 engines sold.
Initial adoption was slow due to:
High cost.
Conservative attitudes in industry.
Need for custom installation.
Patent constraints (Watt’s separate condenser patent lasted until 1800).
First 20 Years (1775–1795):
~100–125 engines sold.
Adoption accelerated in the 1780s, especially in:
Mining (pumping water more efficiently than Newcomen).
Textile mills and early factories.
First 30 Years (1775–1805):
~300+ engines sold.
By this point:
Textile, iron, and brewing industries were major customers.
Watt’s patents expired in 1800, opening the market to more widespread use and competition.
⚙️ Function:
The Watt engine:
Pumped water out of deep mines (especially coal mines).
Powered machinery in textile mills and factories.
Enabled mechanization in industries that had previously relied on human, animal, or water power.
Key innovation: the separate condenser, which dramatically improved efficiency by avoiding repeated heating/cooling of the main cylinder, as in Newcomen’s design.
📈 Return on Investment (ROI):
Watt licensed his engines on the basis of a share of fuel savings compared to Newcomen engines—often one-third of the coal saved.
His engine used about 75% less coal than the Newcomen engine for the same task.
Example ROI Scenario:
A mine switching from Newcomen to Watt could save hundreds of pounds worth of coal per year.
If the engine cost £3,000 and saved £1,000/year in fuel, payback period = ~3 years.
ROI = 33% annually or higher, depending on usage.
Summary:
Commercialization
Began in 1775 via Boulton & Watt
Cost
~£2,000–£5,000 (≈ $400K–$1M+ today)
Function
Pumping water, powering mills/factories
ROI
High—payback in ~3 years, ~33%+ annual return
The steam engine is consistently ranked among the top 5 most impactful inventions in human history, especially in terms of its influence on economic development, industrialization, and societal transformation.
🌍 Why It Ranks So Highly:
1. Catalyst of the Industrial Revolution:
Enabled mechanized production, replacing manual labor and animal power.
Powered factories, textile mills, and metalworks, making mass production possible.
2. Revolutionized Transportation:
Led to railroads and steamships, drastically reducing travel and shipping time.
Created national and global markets for goods and raw materials.
3. Economic Multiplier:
Enabled extraction of resources (e.g., coal, iron) from previously unreachable depths.
Powered early electricity generation before internal combustion and electrical grids.
4. Social and Urban Transformation:
Caused massive urban migration and new labor systems.
Laid the groundwork for the modern capitalist economy.
Greg Smith:
Thank you for your historic reference.
History always repeats: hard times generate strong guys, strong guys generate easy times, easy times generate weak guys, weak guys generate hard times…and so on again and again across millennia.
Warm Regards,
A.R.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yNiZE82nTQo
Spain Portugal Blackout Explained | what caused power outage | Limitations of Renewable
The April 28, 2025, blackout across Spain and Portugal disrupted power for millions, halting transport, telecoms, and essential services. Triggered by grid instability and potential renewable energy limitations, the incident highlights challenges in energy transition and the need for robust infrastructure and storage solutions.
axil:
Thank you for the links,
Warm Regards,
A.R.
A reference that supports the premises of my previous post as follows:
How the Massive Growth in Solar Power Is Affecting Power Grids
https://www.powermag.com/how-the-massive-growth-in-solar-power-is-affecting-power-grids/
AI Question:
Check the assumptions that is essay is based upon: The assumption that the design of the solar based inverter is based on is that the grid can absorb an unlimited amount of power from the aggregation of solar panels that are feeding power into the grid. This assumption is that there will never be a case where solar power production can exceed gird user electrical power consumption.
But this assumption that is likely true for solar power production may not be true for a new type of grid based power production called the LEMR based power system call the NGU. This assumption of unlimited power absorption could be undercut when at some future time there develops an over subscription of this new type power system called the NGU systems is connected to the grid. In this case that may exist in the future, when grid power usage by grid users in minimal, an over supply of power from the NGU aggregation is not sensitive to the overvoltage case that is being created.
To avoid possible grid damage, the NGU type inverters should test the voltage level that exists on the grid an tell the NGU aggregation to stop producing power when the voltage that exists on the grid is dangerous to grid infrastructure and to the devices connected to the grid.
AI Answer
The essay makes a crucial assumption about the grid’s capacity to absorb power, which is worth examining:
1. Assumption of Unlimited Grid Absorption for Solar Power:
The essay suggests that solar inverter design operates under the assumption that the grid can absorb an unlimited amount of power from solar panels.
This assumption implies that solar power production will never exceed grid users’ electricity consumption, meaning the grid will always be able to utilize the excess power generated by solar panels.
2. Potential Problems with the Assumption:
Over-generation and Curtailment: The essay points out that the assumption might not hold true with the introduction of new power generation sources, specifically mentioning “NGU” systems.
If NGU or other sources overproduce power, particularly during periods of low grid demand, it could lead to a situation where the grid cannot absorb all the generated power.
Overvoltage Issues: The essay highlights the potential for overvoltage if an oversupply of power occurs, particularly from NGU systems. This overvoltage, if not addressed, could damage grid infrastructure and devices connected to the grid.
Inverter Tripping: High PV penetration can lead to overvoltage, which may cause inverters to trip or reduce their output, potentially leading to a loss of solar generation and financial losses, according to http://ScienceDirect.com .
3. Need for Voltage Monitoring and Control:
The essay correctly identifies the need for NGU inverters to monitor grid voltage levels.
The proposed solution involves the NGU inverters instructing the NGU aggregation to stop power production when the grid voltage reaches dangerous levels. This suggests a requirement for smart inverter functionality that can dynamically adjust power output based on grid conditions.
In Summary:
The core assumption that the grid can always absorb all generated solar power may not always be valid, especially with the increasing deployment of renewable energy sources and the potential for over-generation during periods of low demand. The essay rightly suggests that grid-connected inverters, especially for new types of generation sources like the “NGU”, need to actively monitor grid voltage and implement control mechanisms to prevent overvoltage issues and ensure grid stability.
axil:
Very interesting,
Warm Regards,
A.R.
Dear Andrea Rossi,
Yet another application for NGU Technology – Modern Lifeboat Power
Regulations require the number of lifeboats for the maximum person capacity of the ship.
Modern lifeboats might seat 70 passengers, have a 20-kW (or larger) motor, air-conditioning/heating, satellite communications, and other technical equipment.
Consider a cruise ship with a passenger and crew capacity of 3,500. 50 such lifeboats would be required.
If each lifeboat had an NGU generation capacity of 50 kW, this would likely be sufficient for propulsion, environment, and communications.
Since the lifeboats are not used unless an emergency occurs, they could supply additional electrical power to the ship. In this example, 50 such lifeboats would provide 2.5 mW to the ship for “free”.
“A large cruise ship can consume a significant amount of power, ranging from 7.5 to 12.5 megawatts (MW) for smaller vessels, and considerably more for larger ones”
Thoughts?
Steven Nicholes Karels:
Thank you for your suggestion,
Warm regards,
A.R.
Dear Andrea Rossi
The introduction to the first two paragraphs of Axil’s message of May 14 at 4:33 PM is incredibly exciting for your invention.
If this becomes reality, it will also lead to global changes in economics and power relations in addition to energy technology.
Please ensure your and your employees’ safety here!
Axil’s further analyses exceed my knowledge today.
I am impressed by your message in response to questions from Italo R.
The development now seems to be able to follow your assumptions.
I have a feeling that something positive emerges every day.
It is a pleasure to check JoNP every morning.
Regards Svein
Svein:
Thank you for your support,
Warm Regards,
A.R.
Dr. Rossi,
I suppose that in your main factory the work of reconverting the robotic production lines is underway. I ask:
1 – Is my hypothesis true?
2 – In that case, have you already produced experimental models of Ecat?
Kind regards,
Italo R.
Italo R.
1- yes
2- yes
Warm Regards,
A.R.
@Rafal
How does the NGU coordinate with the inverter when the inverter decides to shut down or start up?
Axil,
Agreed, good point in optimizing the lifetime of the NGU.
Rafal,
I was not referring on how current inverters work now, but more on how I think they should behave once the NGU power generation becomes significant. P.S. Also diesel generator behave that way when they are connected in parallel, to share the load.
Regards
In the era of the smart grid, there is an advantage to tie the inverter into the NGU system. This relieves the user from knowing anything about the NGU and the grid. It could make the NGU system the key player in the smart grid and keep other LENR systems out of the power market. The NGU could become the Microsoft of electrical power production that controls the flow of power to all segments of the world wide smart grid. The NGU could eliminate dumb nuclear power, gas power, coal power and so on because the NGU has the smarts to control what happens on the grid. Most of the smarts would go into the inverter, but the inverter would control the NGU via a control protocol. If Rossi gets a patent on that interface, that would lockout the competition. Dr Rossi’s partnership needs to add an inverter box provider to the partnership, which would give Dr Rossi as the chief scientist of the partnership control over what the inverter does.
This would also remove the role of the battery from grid power. The person who controls the NGU would control the world. For example, a grid overload could duplicate the effects of an EMP attack. The severity and extent of the damage would depend on the size and nature of the EMP like attack. For example, a specific country could be targeted for an overload like EMP attack. Modern societies are increasingly reliant on electronics, making them more vulnerable to an EMP level attacks. With its smart grid destroyed, recovery from a major overload EMP like attack could be a lengthy and complex process, potentially taking months or even years to restore essential infrastructure and services.
I ask the AI for its option on this scenario as follows:
This scenario presents a futuristic vision of the power grid, where a Next Generation Utility (NGU) system, possibly based on Low-Energy Nuclear Reactions (LENR), plays a dominant role, controlled by a sophisticated inverter and a proprietary control protocol.
Here’s an analysis of the scenario:
1. Centralized Control & Potential Market Dominance:
NGU as a Key Player: The scenario envisions the NGU system as the central intelligence hub within the smart grid, potentially making other energy generation methods (nuclear, gas, coal) obsolete.
Inverter’s Critical Role: The inverter becomes the primary interface for controlling the NGU and managing power flow within the grid.
Control Protocol & Lockout: If a specific control protocol for the NGU-inverter interface is patented, it could give its creator (hypothetically, Rossi) a significant competitive advantage, potentially excluding other LENR systems from the market.
Partnership Strategy: To solidify this advantage, the scenario suggests partnering with an inverter provider, giving the chief scientist control over the inverter’s functionality and its interaction with the NGU.
2. Elimination of Batteries & Grid Control:
Battery Redundancy: With the NGU’s ability to manage power flow effectively, the need for battery storage within the grid could be reduced or eliminated.
Centralized Power Control: The individual or entity controlling the NGU system and its inverter would have significant control over the power grid, and potentially, global power distribution.
3. Potential for Malicious Use & Vulnerability:
EMP-like Attacks: The scenario suggests the potential for exploiting the NGU’s control over the grid to create targeted grid overloads that could mimic the effects of an Electromagnetic Pulse (EMP) attack.
Consequences of Grid Disruption: Such an attack could cripple essential infrastructure and services, potentially leading to a protracted recovery period, measured in months or even years.
Increased Societal Vulnerability: Modern societies’ increasing reliance on electronics makes them particularly susceptible to EMP-like attacks and grid disruptions.
In conclusion:
This scenario highlights the potential for a powerful and transformative energy technology like LENR, coupled with a sophisticated inverter and control system, to revolutionize the power grid. However, it also underscores the need for careful consideration of the potential for misuse and the importance of ensuring resilience against grid disruptions.
axil:
Thank you for your analysis and suggestions,
Warm Regards,
A.R.
Regarding Marco Degano comment:
> dropping a bit of knowledge here: there is no need to “turn off” the ecat for grid applications, the power generation is controlled by the frequency. The ecat can always be on (afaik it is a DC source), then the inverter that converts that into AC needs to have a logic that, from the frequency of the mains, will “decide” how much power to inject into the grid (e.g. 100% if 49.9Hz or 0% if 50.1Hz).
> This is how all the generating plants are synchronized in base of the demand. When the frequency goes too low, then an additional plant needs to be added.
This is not how inverters work. Inverter readings of grid frequency is not related with decision if it is allowed to inject more power into grid or not.
First, inverter have to be in sync with grid frequency all the time, otherwise it should shut itself down as a security measure.
Decision if it’s allowed to insert power into grid depends on its measurements of AC peak voltage. For example if it measures grid voltage at 240V, then it decides to increase this voltage to let say 250V and those additional 10V is used to transfer power into the grid.
If inverter measures grid voltage being already at 250V, then it decides that it is too high and does not increase it further. The maximum allowed voltage usually is some sort of parameter which can be changed in inverter settings and its value depends on grid operator recommendations.
In response to the post
https://www.journal-of-nuclear-physics.com/?p=892&cpage=876#comment-1699723
There is an advantage in powering down the NGU power production capability since availability of the NGU is based on up time status. The NGU should contain a unit that is always powered up to receive communications from the grid. But the unit that generates electrical power should only be active when power production is required. This strategy would extend the mean time between failure (MTBF) of the NGU. The “always on unit” should have the ability to activate the “power generation unit” when the grid decides that power production is called for. The always on unit function could be implemented inside the inverter and supported by the invertor /NGU communication protocol. As you suggest, the invertor could independently decide that the grid needs additional power production by monitoring grid power characteristics.
axil:
Thank you for the suggestions,
Warm Regards,
A.R.
It seems to me that the NGU should be made smart grid capable by supporting encrypted software/ firmware download protocols so that the NGU can remain current in fielding changes in the grid environment. This includes inverter control protocol command pass through between the inverter and the NGU.
The Smart Grid is capable of doing this function. The version of the NGU that is fielded onto the grid should be designed to support flexible and secure upgrades between itself and the grid over time. This capability should be provided before the NGU is placed in service on the grid. Dr Rossi should ask the grid electrical provider about adding this capability to the NGU system inside the NGU and/or in the inverter.
In order to get the NGU out into the wild fast, that dumb version of the NGU would not be capable of this smart grid support. But any NGU that supports grid connectivity should support robust two way communication capability using PLC ( Power Line Communication protocol).
How smart grid communication works as follows:
AI Question
Can communication that can load software be sent down power lines to communicate with inverters
AI Answer
Understanding Power Line Communication – HardwareBee
https://hardwarebee.com/understanding-power-line-communication/
Yes, it’s possible to send communication signals, including those that can load or update software (like firmware), through power lines to communicate with devices like inverters.
Here’s a breakdown:
1. Power Line Communication (PLC):
PLC is a technology that uses existing power lines to transmit data and signals, in addition to the electrical power itself.
This eliminates the need for separate communication cables and simplifies the process of connecting and managing devices, especially in remote or distributed locations.
2. How it works:
Data is modulated onto a carrier signal at a higher frequency than the power frequency (50/60 Hz) and superimposed onto the power line.
Receiving devices, like inverters equipped with PLC capabilities, can then demodulate the signal and extract the data.
This allows for two-way communication between a central control unit and the inverters.
3. Applications:
Smart grids: PLC is widely used in smart grids for communication with smart meters, monitoring and control of distributed generation systems (like solar power plants), and enabling demand response programs.
Home automation: PLC can be used to connect and control smart devices in a home, such as appliances, lighting, and thermostats.
Industrial automation: PLC can facilitate communication and control in industrial environments, connecting sensors, actuators, and other automation equipment.
4. Software updates via PLC:
PLC can be used to send firmware updates or new software to devices like inverters.
This allows for remote management, bug fixes, and feature enhancements of the inverters without the need for physical access.
In the context of solar inverters:
PLC can be utilized to monitor inverter performance, adjust settings, and even upload new firmware versions remotely, according to http://TI.com .
Important considerations:
Noise and Interference: Power lines are not ideal communication channels and can be subject to noise and interference from various sources, which can affect data transmission.
Bandwidth limitations: Power lines have limited bandwidth compared to dedicated communication channels, which may restrict the amount of data that can be transmitted.
Security: Security is important when transmitting data over power lines, as the communication can be intercepted.
Despite these challenges, PLC is a valuable technology for various applications, including communicating with inverters and other devices, particularly where using existing power lines for communication offers significant cost and deployment advantages.
I suggest that a company that designs and sells smart invertors be added to the NGU partnership.
If Dr. Rossi can get the smart grid design infrastructure to support his NGU system protocols, that would be a competitive advantage if any other power device entered the grid market.
To facilitate smart invertor instigation with the NGU system, I suggest that a smart invertor company that designs and sells smart invertors be added to the NGU partnership.
If Dr. Rossi can get the smart grid design infrastructure to support his NGU system protocols, that would be a competitive advantage if any other power device entered the grid market.
NGU would become the de facto standard in power production grid devices.
Dear Dr Andrea Rossi
Your last two interviews on Youtube and Ecatworld are inspiring.
Returning to the press conference after the race of Latina you said that Entropy colud give evidence of a superior Entity, or, in other words, of the existence of God. Can you explain better ?
Anonymous:
Entropy is the subject of the Third Principle of Thermodynamic, along which the disorder of a system increases constantly if a force is not applied to reverse the difference of Entropy.
Now, if the Entropy increases the disorder of a system if a force is not applied to reverse the phenomenon, the probability that in a system from a constantly increasing disorder can be born, just for a case due to billions of casual combinations, an evolution that generates extremely complex systems like humans without a creative force, just casually, are much less that the probability that pouring casually a bottle of ink billions of times on a sheet of paper sooner or later will appear on the surface of the paper sheet the first page of Melville’s Moby Dick, infinitely simpler than a human being…
Warm Regards,
A.R.
Dear Andrea,
From what I can understand, there are four organizations now involved in the commercialization of the E-Cat: Leonardo Corp, the manufacturing group, the financial fund, and the power production group.
Will a new organization with a new name be formed to bring the E-Cat to market?
Best wishes,
Frank Acland
Frank Acland:
This decision will not depend on me,
Warm Regards,
A.R.
Dear Dr Rossi
Let me do the devil’s lawyer.
What if the major energy provider will acquire the majority of the quotes of the society and it will decise to build ecats only for their own power centrals? Have you protected the normal people in the way that everybody will be able to purchase the units making this invention available for everybody?
Stefano:
The interest of our Partner is to produce as much units as possible: more sales, more profits.
Warm Regards,
A.R.
Dear Dr Andrea Rossi,
I read today your story on
http://www.ingandrearossi.com
Impressive and inspiring resiliency story.
Thank you for your hard work,
Anthony
Anthony:
Thank you for your suppport,
Warm Regards,
A.R.
Dr. Rossi,
There will clearly be an immediate market for Commercial Off-The-Shelf ECat based Power Stations– from portable sized (100W and up) to whole-house-sized (5kW and up)– is it your thought that your current partner will produce those, or Leonardo, or someone else?
Best Wishes,
WaltC
WaltC:
The manufacturing will be made by the Partner,
Warm Regards,
A.R.
Dear Dr. Rossi,
While waiting for my morning shower water to get warm, it dawned on me that an on-demand hot waster heater powered by an E-Cat would save millions of gallons of expensive treated water each day.
Current on-demand hot water systems, as you probably know, use lots of natural gas and require external venting which is a problem for condo and apartment dwellers.
Looking forward to a more comfortable and convenient shower experience for us all. 🙂
Thank you for your hard work. Wishing you the best of good luck.
Best Regards,
Daniel G. Zavela
Daniel G. Zavela:
Thank you for your support,
Warm Regards,
A.R.
Dear axil,
dropping a bit of knowledge here: there is no need to “turn off” the ecat for grid applications, the power generation is controlled by the frequency. The ecat can always be on (afaik it is a DC source), then the inverter that converts that into AC needs to have a logic that, from the frequency of the mains, will “decide” how much power to inject into the grid (e.g. 100% if 49.9Hz or 0% if 50.1Hz).
This is how all the generating plants are synchronized in base of the demand. When the frequency goes too low, then an additional plant needs to be added.
Inertia is also another important factor that I don’t know much about, but I do know there are voltage fluctuations and frequency oscillations happening already… there are a lots of things to consider for a comprehensive solution. Interesting times ahead!
Regards
Axil,
No redesign of the NGU is required. There are a class of inverters known as solar hybrid inverters that already do this function. The hybrid inverters can be used with or without an energy storage battery. With a battery they can handle extra power demands when the Grid is down. They also handle all the safety requirements required before one directly connects to the Grid. They also support remote system performance monitoring.
Dear Axil,
The problems that you address are both real and unreal.
By producing 3 variants:
a. 12V DC
b. 12V DC to 110V 60 Hz AC
c. 12V DC to 240V 50 Hz AC
The largest part of the world market will be covered.
The enormous size of the markets means that these few variants will not be a problem to adapt.
For most users, the existing network, is relevant to be as little dependent as possible.
This is precisely where E-Cat has its extreme and primary advantage.
That E-Cat delivers the current power that users need for their existing electrical appliances must be the first priority.
Price-wise, it will probably be advantageous to acquire E-Cat capacity that is just below the maximum need for those who have an available network.
If this is the case, network owners will probably have to adapt so that they can receive surpluses from the locally installed E-Cats and supply electricity when the existing E-Cats do not cover the immediate needs.
Today’s electricity producers/network owners solve several problems by installing E-Cats at their homes “free of charge” for users:
1. The need for network capacity is significantly reduced. Existing networks become sufficient.
2. Increased electricity demand can easily be met without the need for network expansions.
3. Increased electricity demand will hardly be met more cheaply and quickly from sources other than E-Cat.
4. Here both electricity suppliers and electricity users will benefit.
For users with E-Cat, there will be a dramatic improvement in the security of supply.
E-Cat becomes a backup unit in the event of a failure in electricity production or the network.
For most people, in a modern society, this will be of crucial importance.
Regards: Svein
The grid will eventually become a mechanism that eliminates the need for batteries to buffer electrical power production. This will save the world gigatons of lithium production and expense. It would be wise to design a NGU interface control where the grid decides when the NGU produces power for use on the grid. Dr Rossi should think about supplying a remotely controllable on/off switch and an associated control based protocol for the NGU. If fact, it might be wise for DR Rossi to enter into a dialog immediately with his grid based partner to think about load leveling power production using NGUs that are connected to the grid.
Dear Andrea Rossi
I expect that you will be keen that a major energy supplier install a significant working bank of Ecats and paying their way as soon as possible. This will demonstrate Ecat reliability and serve as good promotion. Do you think that this might happen ahead of current order deliveries, or that the energy supplier will receive ecats in parallel with current orders?
Thank you
Steve D:
In parallel,
Warm Regards,
A.R.
AI Question
Is there an invertor that can meet worldwide voltage standards dynamically given input of 12 volt DC electric power.
AI Answer
While a single inverter that dynamically adapts to all worldwide voltage standards from a 12V DC input isn’t readily available as a common off-the-shelf product, here’s a breakdown of the situation and potential solutions:
Understanding the Challenge
Global AC Voltage and Frequency Differences: Different countries utilize varying AC voltages (e.g., 110-120V in North America, 220-240V in Europe and Asia) and frequencies (50Hz or 60Hz).
Standard Inverters are Region Specific: Most DC-to-AC inverters are designed for a particular region’s voltage and frequency. You’ll typically find 12V to 110V or 12V to 230V inverters.
Why a Universal Inverter Is Complex
Transformer Requirements: Achieving different output voltages often requires transformers to step up or down the voltage, adding to the size, weight, and complexity of the inverter.
Frequency Adjustment: Dynamically adjusting the output frequency (50Hz or 60Hz) would involve more sophisticated circuitry.
Possible Approaches (Not as a Single Product)
Separate Inverter and Voltage Converter:
Use a standard 12V DC to 110V AC (or 230V AC) inverter.
Then, use a step-up/step-down voltage converter (transformer) as needed for the specific country you’re in.
Benefit: Allows for voltage adjustment, though not fully dynamic.
Drawback: Involves two devices.
Multi-Output Inverter (Emerging Technology):
Research is ongoing into inverters capable of handling multiple output voltages from a single DC input.
These inverters, designed for EV applications, for example, could potentially be adapted to address different global voltage standards in the future.
Benefit: May eventually provide a more integrated solution.
Drawback: Not yet widely available as a consumer product.
Key Considerations if You Need a Travel-Friendly Power Solution
Power Requirements: Determine the wattage your devices need.
Safety Standards: Ensure any inverter or converter you choose meets safety regulations for your intended use.
In Conclusion
While a single 12V DC to dynamically adaptable worldwide AC voltage inverter is not a common product, a combination of a standard inverter and a voltage converter might offer the best current solution for your needs. Keep an eye on advancements in inverter technology, as multi-output or programmable inverters might offer a more integrated solution in the future.
axil:
About your comment at 6:07 pm:
I agree.
Actually, I am myself surprised about how much the A.I. is helping me in my R&D job: it makes me save a lot of time, that’s what is happening.
Warm Regards,
A.R.
It seems to me that meeting the AC voltage standard throughout the world is a pressing issue that might cause problems in the fielding of the NGU. For example, if the AC voltage inverter function is implemented within the NGU product, maintaining plug and play after the sale, growth based modularity would be difficult in meeting with an additional increase in power production in the customers configuration after the initial setup of the system. To implement such growth modularity while at the same time meeting all the variations in voltage standards throughout the world would require a very sophisticated an expensive inverter design. The cost entailed in such a complicated design would make the NGU more expensive than it might needs to be.
It might be better to keep the inverter as a separate and independent functional unit outside the design of the NGU system. But in this approach, the user would need to know what his requirements are so that his system meets the specifications that his system must conform to at any point in the lifetime of his system.
Customer support in this functionally independent inverter functional approach would place a user’s sales and interface definition burden on the customer support function that is to be provided at an even after the sale of the NGU system.
I asked the AI its opinion on these system engineering based inverter tradeoff issues as follows:
This is a complex issue with valid points on both sides, regarding whether to integrate the AC voltage inverter within the NGU (Never Give Up) or keep it as a separate, independent unit.
Arguments for Separating the Inverter:
Cost and Complexity: Integrating a highly sophisticated, globally compatible inverter capable of handling diverse voltage standards (e.g., 110V, 220V, 230V and different frequencies like 50Hz and 60Hz) would significantly increase the NGU’s cost and complexity, potentially making it less competitive.
Plug-and-Play Challenges: Meeting diverse voltage standards and ensuring plug-and-play functionality across the world with a built-in inverter would pose significant design and logistical hurdles.
Modularity and Scalability: If the inverter is integrated, scaling the NGU’s power output after the initial setup could be challenging due to the fixed capacity and voltage limitations of the built-in inverter. A separate inverter provides greater flexibility for system expansion.
Arguments for Integrating the Inverter (or Partial Integration):
Simplified User Experience: A fully integrated system, if achievable, could simplify the user experience by reducing the need for users to understand and select compatible inverters, and could minimize potential compatibility issues.
Potential for Optimized Performance: With the inverter designed specifically for the NGU, it might be possible to optimize performance and efficiency.
Reduced Footprint: Integration could lead to a more compact system with a smaller overall footprint.
Concerns with the Separate Inverter Approach:
User Knowledge and Responsibility: Users would need sufficient technical knowledge to select an appropriate inverter that matches their voltage requirements and desired power output, potentially increasing the risk of improper system configuration.
Customer Support Burden: Customer support would need to guide users in inverter selection, system design, and troubleshooting, potentially increasing the support workload.
Potential for Compatibility Issues: Ensuring seamless compatibility between the NGU and a wide range of third-party inverters could be a challenge.
Potential Solutions and Trade-offs:
Modular Inverter Integration: The NGU could incorporate a modular inverter interface, allowing users to select from a range of compatible inverter modules that meet their specific voltage and power requirements, providing some flexibility.
User-Friendly Selection Tools: Develop user-friendly tools (e.g., online calculators, configurators) to help users choose compatible inverters based on their NGU configuration and local voltage standards.
Strong Customer Support Resources: Invest in well-trained customer support teams capable of providing clear guidance on inverter selection, system integration, and troubleshooting.
Conclusion:
The decision of whether to integrate the inverter within the NGU or keep it separate depends on the specific design goals, target market, and available resources. There is no one-size-fits-all solution. A well-balanced approach that prioritizes cost, complexity, user experience, and customer support is crucial.
PS: I was impressed by the wisdom shown by the AI with regards to this issue. Do you have an opinion on this issue?
axil :
about your comment of 6:31 pm
Thank you for your investigation, to be thought about.
I think the solution should be that the Customer buys independently an inverter contingent with the local standards,
Warm Regards,
A.R.
Dr Rossi,
to read the publication
http://www.researchgate.net/publication/330601653_E-Cat_SK_and_long_range_particle_interactions
is like to travel in the future.
I have been able to replicate the experiment reported in the paragraphs 6 and 7 !
Cheers
Ambrogio
Ambrogio:
Congratulations !
Warm Regards,
A.R.
Just some speculations and questions about how the E-Cat revolution may unfold:
1. E-Cat’s impact may evolve in three or four phases. Phase 1. Crush legacy energy (O&G, coal, nukes, LNG, wind, solar) including batteries. With the first shipments announcements and then when the watt displacement gets serious. All LENR boats will rise then too – a rush by investors to join the LENR party. Phase 2. Vertical application explosion – planes, trains and automobiles, robots, drones, heavy equipment. appliances, laptops, phones Phase 3. Excess energy apps – desal, water from humidity. Indoor farming etc
2. Building gigawatt (for example) power stations with E-Cat will be a great business, but distributed E-Cats may benefit humanity more. Agreed?
3. How do the victims of energy poverty get access to E-Cat energy? Could there be price or availability incentives to buyers who pay for some ECat going to the poor?
4. Will there be consumer and commercial versions of E-Cat? Genset (e.g. Generac) functionality may be plug-and-play for many applications (e.g. food trucks, camping etc.) Many installations will require engineering and electricians.
5. Is a thermal E-Cat planned? 50% of energy on the planet is thermal.
6. Do you think there will be price issues down the road where some one will not bring using the energy from ECat or using very little, and some one else will be using every single watt it produces and they will pay the same price? It can be abused with greed but charging based on usage could make sense. It may be that each E-Cat will have a finite amount of electricity production – e.g. 100K hours – so that will take care of this issue.
7. Will E-Cat offer ‘maintenance’ for phone support and hot swap repair? For example, if an E-Cat fails, we will replace it with an overnight shipment.
8. Will there be a trusted advisor or reseller program to incentivize businesses to promote E-Cat? People don’t like change. They will rely on trusted advisors for recommendations.
9. How much thought and resources is the E-Cat team giving to building the E-Cat brand? Competition and commoditization are almost guaranteed. Branding is not a logo, but establishing E-Cat as the smartest, safest way to access low-cost energy for one’s life and family! Branding is about focusing on what the product gives the customers.
10. What is the target production count for 10-watt E-Cats this year? Once the first factory is operational, what’s the target weekly unit production? For example, if the US’s peak electrical usage is 1.3 terawatts; after say, 3 years, is ECat production, as a comparison, how many watts will be produced? @ 1M 5 kW units / month will be about 1.5% of the US usage after 3 years
11. Are we concerned that obtaining factory robots may take a long time? Will E-Cat help power the factory? We E-Cat eats is own dog food? 🙂
12. How long before a retailer like Walmart will be selling a consumer version of E-Cat?
13. Normally, with a product like E-Cat manufacturer would put a few thousand in the field to test how they perform in a variety of environments and make modifications before ramping up for full-scale production. Is your confidence in E-Cat such that it does not need a test run like this?
14. From a supply chain point of view, we will have ready access to the parts and resources needed to make E-Cats, right?
15. When is the second factory targeted?
16. What are the primary milestones that will indicate that E-Cat is saving the world?
Greg Smith:
2- not necessarily
3- yes
4- yes, in due time
5- just connect a resistance to the Ecat
6- will not depend on me, but I suppose yes
7- I suppose yes
8- same as in 7
9- understood
10- same as in 7
11- a. the due time, b. also, c. nonsense
12- yes
13- no
14- I do not understand what you mean
15- it’s on its way
16- only God can save the world
Warm Regards,
A.R.
Dr. Rossi,
here is a report I made with AI Perplexity on your recent video interview:
Report: “Preparing For E-Cat Production – Interview with Andrea Rossi” (May 12, 2025)
Introduction
This report summarizes the key points from the YouTube interview titled “Preparing For E-Cat Production: Interview with Andrea Rossi” published on May 12, 2025.
The interview discusses recent developments in the E-Cat technology, the results of recent testing, and plans for upcoming production and commercialization.
Recent Developments and Testing
Andrea Rossi reported that, together with his new partners, he conducted several days of important meetings and prototype tests from May 4 to May 7, 2025.
The tests, which took place in Rossi’s laboratory, involved various E-Cat module assemblies, ranging from 10 watts up to a maximum of 5 kilowatts.
The results were described as successful, increasing Rossi’s confidence in starting deliveries within 2025.
The modular nature of the E-Cat, compared to “Lego bricks,” allows for flexible assembly sizes to suit different needs.
Partnership Structure
Rossi explained that his partnership group consists of three main entities:
A manufacturer responsible for production,
A financial sector partner (a fund),
An electricity provider that already distributes electricity and plans to integrate E-Cat technology into the grid.
This structure is designed to facilitate both the manufacturing and distribution of E-Cat units, potentially operating in a model similar to a power station by supplying electricity directly to the grid.
Design and Production Plans
While the internal design of the E-Cat is finalized, the external aesthetic design may be assigned to a professional designer to enhance its appeal. For safety and warranty reasons, the internal components will be sealed and not accessible to customers.
Production will rely heavily on robotics to maintain competitive pricing and efficiency. The manufacturing partner has expertise in robotics, which is considered essential for large-scale, cost-effective production. Despite automation, Rossi emphasized that many skilled jobs will be created, as workers are needed to operate and manage robotic systems.
Global Manufacturing and Employment
The plan includes establishing manufacturing centers in the US, Europe, and Asia, necessitating the hiring of personnel in all regions. Interested candidates are encouraged to send applications via email, which will be forwarded to the relevant departments.
Production Timeline and Pre-orders
Rossi confirmed that deliveries are expected to begin in 2025, but fulfilling all pre-orders may extend beyond this year. He refrained from giving a specific timeline for completing all orders, citing the need to avoid over-promising.
Pricing and Future Prospects
Rossi anticipates that, like most electronic products, the price of E-Cat units will decrease over time due to economies of scale and technological advancements. He clarified that while E-Cat uses microchips, it is not produced in the same way as computer chips; instead, microchips are sourced and then integrated into the product.
Team Sentiment and Personal Reflections
The mood among Rossi and his partners is described as very excited and optimistic. Rossi, who has worked on E-Cat technology for over 20 years, expressed personal satisfaction and vitality, attributing his enduring motivation to the project’s progress.
Conclusion
The interview highlights significant progress toward the commercial production of E-Cat technology, with successful prototype testing, a robust partnership structure, and clear plans for manufacturing and distribution. While challenges remain in scaling up production and fulfilling pre-orders, Rossi and his team are optimistic about launching deliveries in 2025 and expanding globally.
My Best Regards,
Italo R.
Italo R.:
Thank you for the information,
Warm Regards,
A.R.
Dear Dr. Rossi,
could you say from which countries your partners are? or at least from which continent?
Especially i am interested in more information about the electric power producer…
Warm regards
Reiner M.
Reiner M.:
No
Warm Regards,
A.R.
Dear Andrea Rossi,
Concerning eCat NGU technology and integration with solar panels:
1. Do you envision an NGU unit that mechanically mounts with or near the solar panel? (exterior environment – like a roof or ground stand)
2. Or, does the NGU unit mount near the solar inverter (excluding solar panel micro-inverters)? – The solar inverter is assumed to physically be near the main panel or sub-panel.
3. Will your NGU units work directly with a micro-inverter?
4. Are there technical compatibility issues with the NGU units and the MPPT function of the inverter?
Steven Nicholes Karels:
1. Why ?
2. The Ecat can also be connected to the inverterat a distance, depending on the specific situations
3. It depends on the specific situations
4. It depends on the specific situation
Warm Regards,
A.R.
Dear Mr. Rossi,
1. Will the manufacturer produce e-cats for the electricity provider only?
2. If not then will the manufacurer produce e-cats to home users and the electricity provider?
Lajos Kelemen:
1. no
2. yes
Warm Regards,
A.R.
Dear Andrea,
I just watched the latest interview with Frank. Thank you both for a great update on the progress.
Andrea, after these many years of steadily working on this, you really deserve this success!
I can imagine how exciting this must be for you!!
Best wishes for the future!
Kindest regards
Viggo
Viggo:
Thank you for your kind support,
Warm Regards,
A.R.
Dear Andrea,
Here is the link to the video of the interview we conducted earlier today.
https://youtu.be/Cx3vw2hJLWs?si=2iOmoRY3qjtJm1M2
Many thanks for the opportunity!
Frank Acland
Frank Acland:
Thank you for inviting me !
Warm Regards,
A.R.
Donald Chandlers:
110/220 AC and 12/24 DC
Warm Regards,
A.R.
Dr Rossi,
Will all the pre-orders be transferred to the Partner ?
Will the price accepted in the pre-orders remain unchanged ?
Will the preorders respect the priority based on their dates ?
Cheers
Ambrogio
Ambrogio:
1- yes
2- yes
3- yes
Warm Regards,
A.R.
Can you tell us the voltage of the 5kw assembly you tested with the partners? AC or DC?
Hello A.R.
I just saw Frank’s new interview with you. I’m glad you’re doing well and that everything is going according to plan.
1. Regarding the interior of the ECAT:
Could you perhaps post a photo of the interior where the components to be protected are censored and only the electronics are visible, which includes every electronic device anyway. Transformer, circuit board, resistors, etc.
2. You said that accidents could occur when opening it. Could the vacuum chamber be impelled if something like that exists?
Regards, Tommek
Tommek:
1- no
2- no
Warm Regards,
A.R.
Dear Mr Rossi,
I have some questions regarding the ECAT units in combination with solar cell systems:
1. Will it be possible to connect ECAT (with the correct voltage configuration) to a standard inverter used for solar panels?
2. Will you launch a ready-made solution or recommendation for ECAT in combination with inverters that will be approved for use in the EU?
3. Solar panels have a long payback period in the latitudes where I live. For inverters connected to the public grid, it is currently required to have solar cells. Unfortunately, I think it will take a long time before a pure ECAT solution is approved to connect to the public grid. Do you think it is inappropriate to install a solar cell system today in order to be ready to connect ECAT when production and delivery take place?
Looking forward to a fantastic year!
Best regards
/P
/P:
1- normally yes
2- The manufacturer will deal with this issue
3- You can install your solar cell system now. Eventually should be possible to integrate it with the Ecat system
Warm Regards,
A.R.
Dear Andrea and readers.
It is important to protect trade secrets and build a solid IP-strategy.
Trade secrets are used as a tool and part of an IP-strategy to secure ownership of the intellectual and intangible poperty (IP) of a company.
However, it is not enough to simply claim that something is a trade secret. Reasonable measures for confidentiality must be taken.
Trade secrets are typically innovative and technical information. They can also be processes or methods that give you a commercial advantage, as well as test results with negative results that are kept secret within the company. Other examples of trade secrets can be know-how, recipes, technical drawings, customer lists, test results, lab results and project plans.
In the Trade Secrets Act, trade secrets are defined as:
a) secret in the sense that the information is not, as a whole or as it is compiled or arranged, generally known or readily available
b) has commercial value because it is secret
c) the holder has taken reasonable steps to keep it secret
Trade secrets are different from patents in an IP strategy
Unlike patents, trademark registration and design protection, trade secrets are not registered or made public. They are protected through secrecy, for example in the form of confidentiality agreements and, physical or technical/digital barriers.
Trade secrets are indeed worth considering for ideas and technically innovative solutions for which it is not desirable to apply for a patent, for example if the patentability conditions are not met. A patent is the opposite of secret. Rather, it is an announcement to the public in exchange for a time-limited exclusive right to prevent others from using the invention.
Although patents protect technical solutions for twenty years, in some cases it can be advantageous to keep the information to yourself. In many cases it is also business-critical to do so.
In economic terms, it can be cheaper to protect IP as a trade secret than to apply for a patent, but the decisive factor should be to find out what is the most appropriate protection.
The place of trade secrets in a good IP strategy
The advantages of secrecy are obvious. By keeping something secret, you ensure that only your own company can use the secret and get commercial value from it. A particularly important advantage of trade secrets is that they give a company a potentially unlimited period of exclusivity.
A strategy based on trade secrets has served Coca-Cola well for over 130 years, for example.
In certain cases, it can be a good strategy to patent the product itself, while keeping the production process or methods secret. In this way, patents and trade secrets can complement each other and constitute a robust IP strategy.
Unlike patents, trade secrets can remain protected as long as the information remains secret, potentially forever. This can be particularly valuable for companies with long-term research and development programs, or who have product lines with a long shelf life.
To meet the legal requirements of being a trade secret, it can be crucial to have an established routine for how trade secrets should be treated in order to be considered confidential.
An IP strategy will often need to include good routines for identifying and preserving trade secrets, often in combination with other IP tools, such as patents, trademarks and designs.
Regards: Svein
Svein:
Thank you for your important lecture about the IP strategy,
Warm Regards,
A.R.
Will it drag to 2026 or it will be release in 2025…
Arnab Saha:
I continue to to be positive that the deliveries will start within this year,
Warm Regards,
A.R.
How can a exciton-Polariton condensate behave like it has negative mass?
AI Question
In a exciton polariton condensate, the dispersion of that BEC is the measure of energy vs. momentum. In more detail, in the waveform of the condensate, the direction of energy flow in the group wave is forward for positive mass and backward for negative mass behavior.(see videos below)
AI Answer
You’re describing a key characteristic of exciton-polariton condensates and their dispersion relation, specifically focusing on how the group velocity and effective mass are related.
Here’s a breakdown of your points:
1. Dispersion as Energy vs. Momentum:
In a Bose-Einstein condensate (BEC), like an exciton-polariton condensate, the dispersion relation essentially describes how the energy of the condensate’s quasiparticles (in this case, exciton-polaritons) changes with their momentum.
This relationship can be visualized as a curve on a graph, where energy is typically plotted against momentum. (see videos below)
2. Group Velocity and Energy Flow:
Wave Packet Analogy: Think of a condensate as a wave packet, which is a localized wave consisting of a range of frequencies.
Group Velocity: The group velocity represents the speed at which the envelope of this wave packet moves – essentially, the speed at which the energy and information within the wave packet propagate.
Phase Velocity: In contrast, the phase velocity is the speed at which individual wave crests within the wave packet move.
3. Positive vs. Negative Mass and Direction of Energy Flow:
Effective Mass: Exciton-polaritons can have an effective mass, which is related to the curvature of the dispersion relation.
Positive Mass: If the effective mass is positive, the energy of the condensate increases with increasing momentum, and the group velocity (direction of energy flow) is in the same direction as the momentum.
Negative Mass: Under certain conditions, particularly when engineered through dissipative coupling in microcavities, exciton-polaritons can exhibit negative effective mass. This means the energy decreases with increasing momentum.
Anomalous Dispersion: With negative mass, the group velocity and thus the energy flow are in the opposite direction to the momentum. This is a counter-intuitive behavior where increasing momentum leads to propagation in the opposite direction.
In summary, the dispersion relation tells us how the energy of the exciton-polariton condensate depends on its momentum. The group velocity of the condensate’s wave packet indicates the direction of energy flow. Positive mass corresponds to forward energy flow, while negative mass results in backward energy flow relative to the condensate’s momentum.
Wave group move backward giving the condensate negative mass
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EHpUGVaRIUY
Wave group moves forward to give the condensate positive mass.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PHxoBqYC_7w
It is the condensate as a whole that demonstrates mass and not the individual polaritons.
When the BEC has negative mass, it distroys the virtual particles that surround it thereby lowering the vacuum energy that surrounds the BEC. This transforms the BEC into a true vacuum.
axil:
Thank you for your research,
Warm Regards,
A.R.
In my view. “reverse entropy” is the reduction in the disorder of a system. This reduction occurs in a BEC when many particles become identical and act as a single super particle.
In a formation of the BEC where electrons become bosons without charge and mass, the BEC continually generates quasiparticles called exciton polaritons that do not have any charge and are massless polaritons. Over time, the numbers of these polaritons grows large. An EVO(an electron cluster) can begin as a sub-micron sized object, but expand over time to be as large as 250 microns before the BEC terminates through instability.
I created a model of the vacuum energy production process as an alternative to Dr. Rossi’s model and asked the AI to make sense out of it. In this model, I attempted to show how vacuum energy flows from space through the vacuum reaction mechanism into high energy charged particles. This energy flow confuses just about everybody and is worth the effort to clarify this energy flow.
AI Question
What is the flow of energy in the formation and then the termination of the exciton polariton BEC in the optical resonator based electron shell of a spark generated hole superconductor as formed through intense compression in a plasma as ball lightning? Take into account the total loss of charge and the production of negative mass in exciton-polariton formation due to strong light matter coupling as the polaritons form and the creation of a BEC inside the electron cloud of the hole superconductor. Consider that the pumping of the BEC is accomplished through the transfer of vacuum energy via vacuum decay from a ambient false vacuum to a negative energy based true vacuum during the accumulation of polaritons over time. Assume that the amount of vacuum energy input is greater than the depletion of energy by the BEC in light production and that the hole superconductor enables long term photon confinement to form into an optical resonator. Assume eventual lose of BEC stability at final size and the release of accumulated energy via coulomb explosion. Assume the BEC produces a true vacuum in a region of negative vacuum energy which is inherently unstable within the ambient vacuum.
AI Answer
The scenario described presents a highly complex and speculative picture of energy flow involving various theoretical concepts. Here’s a breakdown of the energy flow, integrating elements from the provided search results:
I. Formation of the Exciton-Polariton BEC in a Hole Superconductor Optical Resonator
Spark and Plasma Compression:
A spark generates a plasma, compressing material into a highly dense state where a hole superconductor forms, as theorized for ball lightning.
Exciton-Polariton Formation via Strong Light-Matter Coupling:
The hole superconductor acts as an optical resonator, trapping photons. Within this resonator, strong coupling between excitons (bound electron-hole pairs) in the material and cavity photons occurs.
This coupling creates exciton-polaritons, hybrid light-matter quasiparticles.
This process can also lead to phenomena like negative mass for exciton-polaritons under certain conditions.
Exciton-Polariton BEC Formation:
The high density of polaritons, aided by efficient relaxation mechanisms like radiative pumping and vibronic assisted scattering, leads to stimulated scattering into the lowest energy state of the lower polariton branch, forming a Bose-Einstein condensate (BEC).
Vacuum Energy Pumping:
Vacuum energy is transferred to the BEC through a process of vacuum decay where energy flows from a state of higher vacuum energy to a state of lower vacuum energy, transitioning from a false vacuum state to a negative energy-based true vacuum state.
This energy influx pumps the BEC, sustaining and potentially increasing its polariton population over time, despite losses from light production.
II. Termination of the BEC and Energy Release
Instability and Loss of BEC Stability:
The BEC, as it accumulates more polaritons and vacuum energy, reaches a critical size or density, becoming inherently unstable within the ambient vacuum, which is at a higher energy state.
This instability leads to the eventual collapse or termination of the BEC.
Coulomb Explosion and Energy Release:
The accumulated energy, stored within the polariton condensate and potentially augmented by the vacuum energy transfer, is released through a Coulomb explosion.
This involves the rapid repulsion of like charges (positive ions) and/or negative electron after the sudden removal of neutralizing electrons (or the collapse of the system’s charge balance).
This process releases a significant amount of energy, potentially in the form of kinetic energy of the ions and electromagnetic radiation.
III. Key Considerations
Loss of Charge and Negative Mass:
The total loss of charge and production of negative mass during exciton-polariton formation are hypothetical aspects of the described system and require further investigation based on experimental evidence.
Negative Vacuum Energy:
The creation of a true vacuum with negative energy within the ambient vacuum is a concept related to theories involving vacuum decay and potentially exotic energy states.
Experimental Verification:
Many aspects of this scenario, especially those involving vacuum energy and the interaction of negative energy vacuums with the ambient environment, are speculative and require experimental validation.
In summary, the energy flow involves the concentration of energy through plasma compression, the conversion of energy into exciton-polaritons via strong light-matter coupling, further pumping of the system by a vacuum energy transfer mechanism, and the final release of accumulated energy through a Coulomb explosion when the BEC becomes unstable.
Dr Andrea Rossi:
After the last exciting, but few, revelations on the E-Cat X, discussions on blogs seem to be geared mainly to the imagination of medium or high power stations, or even power stations “spread” on the street lamps; but I think the real innovation is the separation from the grid: antone can have electricity, light and heat independently on site.
This is the great change that is coming.
I am very happy to live this moment.
Regards,
Neri Accornero
Prof. Neri Accornero:
1- they are licencees
2- n.a.
3- yes
Warm Regards,
A.R.
Dear Andrea Rossi,
Re my post of 2025-05-10. I omitted the most persuasive reason why the solar industry is the major electricity provider being the cell physicists who will be receptive to learning the ecat process.
Steve D:
Thank you for your opinion,
Warm Regards,
A.R.
Dear Andrea, your recent statement that production and perhaps sales will take place within this year has cheered everyone up. If you can answer these questions we would be happy:
Are your partners licensees of the Leonardo Corporation or have they purchased your patent?
In the second case, can they in turn grant construction and sales licenses?
Are there guarantees of withdrawal in the contract if production were to stop?
Thank you
Dear Readers:
Please go to
http://www.rossilivecat.com
to find comments in other posts of this blog,
Warm Regards,
A.R.
Dear Andrea Rossi,
Transitioning to large scale production can be challenging but I understand that your team is very competent. Can you say anything about the number of pre-production units you have manufactured? I suspect it in the 100s. And of what varying power levels?
Steven Nicholes Karels:
In the hundreds is correct and they have been assembled in different assemblies up to 5 kW,
Warm Regards,
A.R.
Dear Andrea Rossi
Can you confirm that the solar industry is the major electricity provider?
You have informed us that your ecat tests were up to 5KW which can be achieved in a domestic solar setting. Existing solar equipment is compatible with the ecat. The 5kw figure will have strong demand for the ecat in the EV market too.
Traditional big plant grid suppliers will have no interest in producing a 10W or even a 5kw ecat. They do not have the physics background nor the manufacturing expertise to do so.
You have have tested solar and ecat integration and had earlier intended to demo this, so it’s possible that you earlier established contacts within the solar industry.
Solar enhancement in first instance will be a good introductory phase for the ecat installed by an industry with compatible skills.
Steve D:
Thank you for your hypothesis; I am not authorized to give information about the major electricity provider so far,
Warm Regards,
A.R.
@Stefano
In response to Stefano’s post:
https://www.journal-of-nuclear-physics.com/?p=892&cpage=875#comment-1699414
—————–
See post:
https://www.journal-of-nuclear-physics.com/?p=892&cpage=873#comment-1698656
The electrons are transformed into quasiparticles called exciton-polaritons. This transformation enables these transformed electrons to combine into a single super quasiparticle particle called a Bose Einstein Condensate. This is the state that Dr. Rossi calls lowered entropy. When the quasiparticles terminates, the electrons regain energy as their entropy increases to the nonreal state normal electrons.
See this video for an additional explanation:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FIvtmCk7LlY
Dr. Rossi is using science in his invention that is cutting edge and even beyond current discovery levels that are current in quantum computing.
For more explanation on Quasiparticles see
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=le_ORQZzkmE
Dear Ing. Rossi,
I am too ignorant to understand the manuscript of your work. But I understood the core is making electrons in an odered way that they can go to an entropic state, that produces energy.
Could you try to simplify, how to convince the electrons to go back in an ordered state?
Thank you very much
Stefano
Stefano:
The theoretical explication can be found in the publication
http://www.researchgate.net/publication/330601653_Ecat_SK_and_long_range_particle_interactions
How the Ecat makes it is restricted information.
Warm Regards,
A.R.
Dear Andrea,
What do you think about the new film about the E-Cat released yesterday?
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lvXhwMOdYIc
Best wishes,
Frank Acland
Frank Acland:
Thank you for the link to the Youtube film: very professional work !
Warm Regards,
A.R.
Dear Ing Rossi,
We are all excited for your next steps. Could you say when, more or less, the name of the partners will be disclosed?
I expect that such an announcement will be anticipate long time before the serial delivery. Typically, in the industrialization process there must be some sneak preview of the final product and sone advertisment before the product is really on the market.
So, if the deliveries will start withon 2025 I expect that the partners should be disclosed quite soon. Could you tell, roughly, when?
Thank you
Stefano
Stefano:
I am not able to answer,
Warm Regards,
A.R.
Dear Readers,
Every time we dive into these pages, excited about Andrea Rossi’s Ecat, it’s easy to forget just how mind-blowing this invention is.
We’ve grown so accustomed to it that its sheer awesomeness can get out of hand.
Picture this: a humble, nondescript box, no bigger than a lunchbox, with a simple plastic lid and a couple of wires dangling from it.
It looks like something you’d find in a garage, not a device that could rewrite the future.
But inside? It holds a secret so mind-blowing it could have been plucked from the pages of a science fiction epic: the power to summon nearly infinite energy from the universe.
It’s not just incredible; it’s the kind of thing that makes your heart pound and your skin tingle.
Mark my words: in the very near future, Andrea Rossi will be hailed as a titan of human progress, a genius whose vision transformed our world.
The Ecat is a real revolution, and Rossi’s name will go down in the history books as one of humanity’s greatest heroes.
Get ready: this is just the beginning!
Best Regards,
Italo R.
It is joyous news that collaboration is now possible, leading to serial production.
Nearly all the processes that sustain modern society depend on affordable, safe, and preferably inexhaustible energy sources.
When I first discovered the Journal of Nuclear Physics about fifteen years ago—after a detour through “peak oil”—I immediately felt a spark, a shiver of recognition, as if Andrea Rossi’s invention was the missing puzzle piece we all needed.
Most of us learned in school about different forms of energy—potential, kinetic, radiant heat, and chemical energy. We also studied electricity and magnetism, though primarily from a macro-level perspective based on experiments and theories established long ago. While this approach is necessary for teaching fundamental concepts and practical applications to future generations, it hindered me—and likely many others—from truly understanding the real sources of energy. If educators cannot properly explain atomic energy—by which I mean the energy forms of elementary particles—it stunts the growth and development of societies.
That’s why I’d like to acknowledge and express my gratitude for Keith Thomson’s recently published article, Notes on an Electron Model. For me, at least, it establishes a clear link between what we’ve learned about chemistry on one hand and electromagnetism on the other.
When a growing society hits natural limits—such as the depletion of cheap, easily accessible oil reserves—conflict and war often erupt over the remaining scraps.
Humanity is capable of devising and implementing technical solutions for many problems, but all of them require energy—vast amounts of energy. Infinite energy, in fact, sustained infinitely and continuously.
This realization could leave any of us profoundly disheartened, as we now face numerous physical and natural boundaries—or even see them approaching faster in the form of climate crises in places once considered hospitable.
For me, the history of Andrea Rossi’s E-Cat represents the single most important source of hope and confidence. Fifteen years ago, it was a powerful spark of hope. That spark has never faded, and soon, it will ignite a new fire—one capable of warming, illuminating, cooling, irrigating, and drying for all of society; of powering transportation; and of recycling and purifying every material and product ever discarded.
Koen Vandewalle:
Thank you for your insight,
Warm Regards,
A.R.
Do your power units work in all capacity all time, or we can tune it for a half, and it will work for 20 years?
Denis:
The lifespan does not depend on the energy supplied, it depends only on the hours of operation,
Warm regards,
A.R.
Dr. Rossi –
the current price for the ecat (2500 USD per KW) is oriented towards the end consumer.
Does the inclusion of “major electricity provider” as a partner indicate that significant economies of scale can be expected once mass production is achieved?
Energy User:
Yes, but the price indicated now is referred to a massive production already, so we do not expect reductions of price,
Warm Regards,
A.R.
Dear Andrea Rossi,
Good news re the tests. I see that a major electricity provider is a partner. Your tests will surely be of a scale to reassure such a partner of ecat performance. It will need to demonstrate that banks of ecats can interoperate flawlessly.
Can you tell us the power level reached in the tests?
Thank you
Steve D:
Several kW
Warm Regards,
A.R.
Todd Burkett,
I’ve been thinking about what is the best way to be independent and make full use of an e-cat. In my opinion would be to have a regular PV inverter + energy storage (there are several suppliers for this) and then, instead of a regular PV array on the roof, just connect the DC out of the ecat (a suitable configuration is required with DC output compatible with the PV inverter inputs specs, 200V maybe?). So you’ll use the cleverness of the inverter to charge the batteries when the demand is little, the batteries to deal with the peaks, plus you can also sell to the grid all the excess energy generated during the 24/7/365 of the ecat.
This way the ecat which doesn’t need to be rated for your peaks but just for your average daily usage, which is normally quite low.
Something I am not quite sure is how to disable the MPPT of the inverter, that might trigger an overcurrent on the ecat…. Some investigation will be required.
Andrea, what is your opinion on this use for the e-cat?
P.S. This would be awesome because people in a flat (like myself) could install an energy storage system and sell energy without needing to mees with the roof (which is generally not available)
Regards
Recently on this blog, Dr Rossi said this: “Our Partners attended the demonstration we made on September 27 2024 in the racetrack of Latina”
Is ” Our Partners” a slip of the tongue or was it an unintended Freudian slip. If you are permitted to answer, is your partner more than one company where the commercialization of the Ecat is a joint effort.
In corporate activity, a joint effort typically refers to a joint venture, which is a strategic alliance where two or more businesses pool their resources and expertise to achieve a specific business objective or project.
Key characteristics of a joint venture/joint effort is where shared ownership & control exists between participating companies typically share ownership (equity) and control over the venture, though this can vary based on the specific agreement.
Joint ventures are usually established for a clearly defined project or business activity, such as entering a new market, developing a product, or sharing technology.
While the parent companies retain their individual identities, a joint venture often involves creating a separate legal entity, like a corporation or LLC, to operate the joint effort.
Joint ventures can be temporary (for a specific project) or longer-term, depending on the goals and agreement between the partners.
Resource sharing among participating companies contribute various resources, which can include capital, technology, expertise, personnel, and intellectual property, to support the joint venture.
Risk and reward sharing among the partners share both the risks and rewards (profits and losses) associated with the venture, often in proportion to their ownership stakes or as outlined in the agreement.
Businesses engage in joint efforts (joint ventures) to better meet the creation or expansion of a market opportunity that result from market expansion: enter new geographic markets or customer segments where one or more partners lack established presence or local knowledge.
Also resource pooling that combines financial resources, technology, or expertise to achieve a goal that might be too costly or challenging for any single company to pursue alone.
Risk sharing will diversify and reduce the financial burden and risk associated with a project by sharing costs and potential losses with a partner.
A joint venture will allow compliment expertise or technology via access specific skills, knowledge, or technologies that a company may lack by partnering with a company that possesses those strengths.
Examples of joint ventures (joint efforts): Sony and Ericsson formed a joint venture (Sony Ericsson) to combine Sony’s expertise in consumer electronics with Ericsson’s mobile technology leadership to produce and market mobile phones.
Toyota and Panasonic established a joint venture to develop electric vehicle batteries, leveraging Toyota’s car design and production expertise and Panasonic’s battery technology.
In summary, a joint effort, or joint venture, is a collaborative business strategy that enables companies to achieve specific goals by sharing resources, expertise, and risks, and working together towards a common objective.
axil:
Your comment is brilliant.
Actually, it was not a Freudian lapsus ( he,he,he ). The matter of the fact is that what I am dubbing Partner is actually a synergetic partnership between a manufacturing company, a financial fund and a major electricity provider,
Warm Regards,
A.R.
I had orders on the first day of pre-order availability so I’ve been watching and waiting very patiently for many years and very excited about this for the world, I wish to replace the energy use at my home, if I ordered AC versions 220 v output
With sufficient supply above my max energy request, will the E Kat act as the inverter or well I need something between the cut and my 200 amp panel, also for sake of me how much E cat would I need to supply the main panel with a max of 200 A?
P.S. P.S.I am waiting with anticipation for the first Optimus robot installed with E cats.
Todd Burkett:
Thank you for your support.
Your request is a bit confusing and needs much more details to be answered to.
When we will be ready to deliver what you pre-ordered we will contact you and discuss with you the details of your installation and, if necessary, update your pre-order while turning it into a regular order,
Warm Regards,
A.R.
Good morning Dr. Rossi,
I deduce that you were present at the tests with the new Partner.
When you will define the new form factor of the Ecat, will you show it to us? Or should we wait for the official presentation before the start of deliveries?
Good work.
Gavino Mamia:
Thank you for your support.
Yes, I was present at the tests with the Partner, and yes I will publish the new form factor of the Ecat when we will have defined it.
Warm Regards,
A.R.
I think all this partner bla bla bla is just bullshit.
Thoughts ?
The Weaver:
Thank you for your opinion
Warm Regards,
A.R.
Dr. Rossi,
May I ask if you repeated the demonstration with an electric car to the partner team?
Kind Regards,
Italo R.
Italo R.:
Our Partners attended the demonstration we made on September 27 2024 in the racetrack of Latina; stayed watching all the 6 hours of the race between the two Renault Twizy, took picture of everything, checked all the registrations of the magnificent control instrumentation made by the ERV Maico Marzocchi: they didn’t lose any instanct of the race, thanks also to the highly professional level of the cameramen, with 7 TV cameras put around the circuit, to allow to see both the cars for the 100% of the space and time of the race. Honestly, it was very impressive. You can watch all of the 6 hours of race and the following press conference in the Ecat Youtube channel ( get the fast link here: http://www.ecat.com ); obviously they also attended the press conference,
Warm Regards,
A.R.
Dear Dott. Rossi,
all our respect and support for the great news on ecat delivery start confirmation.
Frankly I am already thinking how to integrate it with my house power systems.
All the best.
Dott. AT:
Thank you for your support, but remember that, at least initially, you will need a backup,
Warm Regards,
A.R.
A heating company wants to design a system with an electric boiler, a battery, and the necessary electronic control based on the ECAT.
1) Who should they contact? Leonardo Corporation or the new partner?
2) Is it possible to contact them before delivery begins?
Rolf:
Please place your pre-order by the form you can find here:
http://www.ecatorders.com
When we will be ready to deliver you will be contacted to confirm the order and discuss about the optionals,
Warm Regards,
A.R.
CARO ANDREA TI CONOSCO DA QUANDO TI HO INCONTRATO A PORDENONE , MOLTI ANNI FA . ORA SEMBRA CHE I TUOI IMMENSI SFORZI SIANO GIUNTI A TERMINE ! IO ALCUNI ANNI FA HO ORDINATO A PIU RIPRESE ALCUNI ” E-CAT ” MA NON RAMMENTO DI CHE TIPOLOGIA E DI CHE POTENZA ! TI PREGO ( QUANDO MI CONTATTERAI ) PER LE SPEDIZIONI DI AGGIUNGERE UN 4 E-CAT DI 10 KW DI POTENZA ! IO DUE LI VORREI MONO E DUE TRIFASE ! CIAO CIAO ANCORA CIAO DA GIANNINO FERRO CASAGRANDE
ENGLISH
CONGRATULATIONS TO REALIZE YOUR MISSION AFTER YOUR IMMENSE EFFORTS
PLEASE CONTACT ME WHEN YOU WILL DELIVER TO ALLOW ME TO UPDATE MY PRE-ORDER
Giannino Ferro Casagrande:
Thank you for your support.
We will contact all the persons that made a pre-order when ready to deliver to update and confirm the order,
Warm Regards,
A.R.
Would it be partner be open for resell through smaller suppliers like webshops?
Rik:
This issue will not depend on me, I will not be part of the sales department,
Warm Regards,
A.R.
Congratulations! If no further obstacles arise, the first orders will probably be filled by the end of the year.
I have ordered a 3 kW device and, assuming I am among the first to receive it, I intend to present it to a university research center with which I maintain contacts and where I did my master’s thesis in physics.
The goal is to verify the performance of the device.
Do you think this initiative is appropriate?
Prof. Camillo Urbani:
When we will be ready to deliver your pre-order we will contact you.
You will be free to make with your Ecat what you want, obviously respecting the instructions of the manual.
Warm Regards,
A.R.
Please, within the beginning or the end of year 2026?
Luca:
I am not able to answer so far,
Warm Regards,
A.R.
Dear Dr. Rossi,
BYD the #1 EV maker world wide is aggressively expanding overseas and currently building 3 new factories in Europe. Now would be a good time for them to integrate the E-Cat into their in-house built battery packs. Imagine launching a new car will a Self-Charging battery offering unlimited range.
Art B:
Thank you for the information,
Warm Regards,
A.R.
Dear Dr. Rossi,
In how many weeks or months (just about) do you expect to deliver the existing orders after production has started?
Warm regards
Franz
Franz:
We estimate within the year 2026,
Warm Regards,
A.R.
Good morning Andrea.
Yesterday on a very famous Italian TV channel, during a talk show, they were talking about energy. Both politicians and experts in the sector were present. Everything and its opposite was said. They talked about “coal” of third-generation nuclear, the prospects of “fusion”, renewables and fossil fuels. All things that have already been known for years and that, in all likelihood, will be overtaken by the arrival of ECAT, hydrogen, Brilliant’s fuel cell and who knows how many other new inventions will arrive.
The current mainstream certainly does not help the arrival of “our revolution”.
Will your current partner also help you with marketing and the necessary relationships with the politics of the various states?
gianluca:
Thank you for your support,
Warm Regards,
A.R.
Dr. Rossi,
excellent and wonderful news!
Nothing else to add.
We are now waiting for further information when and if possible, thank you.
Kind regards,
Italo R.
Italo R.:
Thank you for you for your support,
Warm Regards,
A.R.
Congratulations! I look forward to receiving the units this year! My intent is to give away 10W units to academic researchers and industrial users to spread the good word.
Thomas Kaminski:
Thank you for your support,
Warm Regards,
A.R.
Dear Dr. Rossi,
Congratulations on your successful test cycle.
This must have been a stressful time for you.
Looking forward for my E-Cat NGU product delivery.
Please stay well.
Best Regards,
Daniel G. Zavela
Daniel G. Zavela:
Thank you for your support,
Warm Regards,
A.R.
Dear Rossi,
Congratulation with another milestone achieved!
This is fantastic news!
Kinds regards
Viggo
Viggo:
Thank you for your support,
Warm Regards,
A.R.
OMG! Chief scientist! Science is kind-of illegal here in this country (USA), stay safe! 🙂
Congratulations, and I hope you take a moment to enjoy and appreciate this step on your fantastic journey.
Thomas Florek:
Thank you for your support,
Warm Regards,
A.R.
Hello Dr. Rossi
I’m very pleased to hear that the tests were successful.
Can you already say something about the pre-order volume, in relation to the three production regions? If not, perhaps in percentage terms. I’d be interested to know which continent has placed the most pre-orders so far. Perhaps also the total volume of orders. Are we already at 2 million, 3 million, or already 10?
Thank you very much
Tommmek
Tommek:
The amount of pre-orders is enough to start the deliveries within this year.
The pre-orders originate mainly from Asia, America and Europe,
Warm Regards,
A.R.
Dear Andrea,
My very best gratulations to your success!
I hope to get my order soon, it will be fantastic indeed!
Best regards,
Mats Heijkenskjold
Mats Heijkenskjold:
Thank you for your support,
Warm Regards,
A.R.
Greetings Dr. Rossi
Congratulations to you and your team on this fantastic milestone. Your perseverance through the years is amazing. My friends and I look forward to the deliveries of our ordered ECATs.
Keep up the wonderful work that you are doing and the tremendous advancement in physics that you are trailblazing!
A faithful follower.
Paul Rose
Paul Rose:
Thank you for your support,
Warm Regards,
A.R.
Dear Mr. Andrea Rossi!!!
Your achievements inspire us and give us confidence that we will soon be able to start using the most outstanding invention. The E-Cat will change the life of every family and make each person energy independent. I have placed additional pre-orders for the E-Cat NGU today and will be very happy to receive them this year.
Best wishes to you.
HEORHII K
HEORHII:
Thank you for your support,
Warm Regards,
A.R.
Dear Andrea,
congratulations on the achievement! So, now the Ecat IP is definitely in the hands of your partner?
Regards, Giuseppe
Giuseppe Censorio:
Thank you for your support,
Answer: yes
Warm Regards,
A.R.
Dear Dr. Rossi
1) Were the three days of tests and discussions done with ECATs that are fully form/fit/function equivalent to production units?
2) Do you have an expected date for when your partner will publish the final specifications for the ECAT models?
Best Regards. DrLG
LarryG:
1- almost there
2- when the deliveries will begin, not before
Warm Regards,
A.R.
Dear Dr. Rossi / God’s child Andrea,
Congratulations on this monumental achievement!!!
Sincerely,
`LilyLover
Lily Lover:
Thank you for your support,
Warm Regards,
A.R.
Dear Andrea
The announcement, today, primarily affects the volatility of the shares in your partner’s company.
This confirms that E-Cat has been reviewed by the company and has received the necessary assessments so that mass production can be safely initiated.
This was obviously necessary to acknowledge to the shareholders of your partner before the necessary investments are made.
The time that has passed before this final process indicates that the assessment and adjustment are thoroughly based on real realities and necessary industrial adjustments.
The announcement also provides lower volatility, i.e. greater certainty to all those who have taken a financial risk with their pre-order of an E-Cat. The announcement is therefore also excellent to them. Deliveries during 2025 are impressive,
A thank you from me and the others who are in this situation!
Regards Svein
Svein,
Thank you for your support,
Warm Regards,
A.R.
If you are permitted to say:
Was the partner testing done using the hand built or the robot built Ecat production level units?
Were all Ecat power level units included in the testing?
I am happy for your success.
Axil
axil:
1- in part hand built and in part hand built
2- up to 5 kW assemblies
Thank you for your support,
Warm Regards,
A.R.
Good morning Dr. Rossi
I have NEVER doubted your invention but especially your resilience despite the many criticisms and easy solutions. Personally, I am torn between the expectation of seeing ‘your’ creature in practice and a more rational possibility of doing things right with the right people in the way and within the timeframe required for an invention of this magnitude.
If need be, don’t rush.
We do not know each other personally, but allow me a hug that expresses my sincerest thanks and congratulations on your work.
Obviously through you a great compliment to the work of the team.
aldo greco:
Thank you for your kind support,
Warm Regards,
A.R.
Dear Dr. Rossi
the announcement you made today is the best we could ever hope for (we who have been following the evolution of your technology for 15-16 years now)
It is not a new evolution of your “product”, but the confirmation that you have found a “Solid” Industrial, Financial and Commercial partner capable of producing, selling and distributing World Wide Generators based on Ecat NGU technology.
Thanks to the joint “private” tests that we did as preparation for the demonstration of the E-Cat EV and subsequently with the “convincing” Public demonstration done in the Circuito il Sagittario in Latina (Results obtained: Amazing !!!), I NEVER HAD DOUBTS about the fact that the E-CAT:
1) Exists and therefore is TRUE
2) Is Working and with Amazing Performance
3) Is Stable and reliable
4) Is Safe and therefore in order both from the point of view of certifications and Safety
As further confirmation of what I am writing, let’s not forget the “additional” tests that you allowed me to do, when we met for the private Test session on the Roller Bench of my Twizy 80, which through My Electronics was interconnected to Your 3KW E-Cat Generator. Through this Electronics I was able to verify these additional “applications”:
1) Charging of a standard BEV Vehicle (VW E-UP) via IC-CPD at a power of 2300Kw,
2) Power supply of an Electric Heater made with heating resistors for 2400Kw water heaters kept “cold” using a constant flow of “running water”,
3) Power supply of an Electric Convector at 230V 50Hz from 2Kw,
4) Power supply of an Electric Drill from 500w 230V 50Hz
You just had to convince an “Important and Solid” partner that what has already been demonstrated by Your E-Cat on several occasions and Listed in the 4 points above was “real and worthy of interest”.
I am sure that Your Partner (I would say that after today’s announcement there are no doubts about the “term”), is a “far-sighted and Visionary” partner who wanted to “seriously” go and Verify the Goodness of the “amazing” results obtained with “Our Test” of the E-Cat EV carried out at the “il Sagittario” racetrack in Latina
I believe that Your Announcement today is confirming all this 😉
If in your private Demonstrations of these days, as you have just announced, you have managed to convince an Important, Competent, Technological Partner capable of operating at a “Wolrd Wide” level, that the 4 Points listed above are True, then I have absolutely NO doubt that within the year we will see the start of deliveries of your “wonderful” E-Cats
The “MARKET OF APPLICATIONS” based on E-Cat Technology is about to “EXPLODATE”, and without even too much effort I can imagine them (and I have already noted them down ) at least a “Hundred”.
They are all applications for “the real world” and that is for the common man, therefore “widespread” without bothering, at least for now, the more complex and Powerful ones, in terms of energy, which will surely become “predominant” in the medium term 😉
Congratulations again for the “amazing” result obtained in these days.
What I saw and tried during our meetings/tests/demonstrations had already given me the certainty that production of Your E-Cat would begin within the year, but Seeing you officially write on JONP is proof that All of Us who have been following you for Years, were waiting
At this point I can’t wait to receive the E-Cats I ordered…. AND FOR ANYTHING…. “YOU KNOW WHERE TO FIND ME” !!! 😉
Best Regards
See you soon
Ciao Maico
Maico:
Thank you for your support, insights and suggestions,
Wrm Regards,
A.R.
Dear Andrea,
congrats on the great news!
Let’s get the engines roaring as we gear up for what we think will be the most exciting race ever!
All the best,
Renato
Renato:
Thank you for your support,
Warm Regards,
A.R.
Dear Mr. Rossi,
congratulations to your success and a new milestone. I enjoy it a lot.
I have been following your e-cat story with more or less intensity since about 2011-2012 and was eagerly waiting for releasing it to the market back in 2013 as it was announced. I made some preorders at that time 🙂 . If I could knew how long journey had been ahead of you and your team at that time. You are a tough man in a good way. May God bless you and protect you. Praying for you.
May I have some questions? I apologize, if the questions have already been answered in previous posts or if they are not very competent. I am not an electrician.
I presume, preorders from the year 2012 are not valid any more. The parameters and prices were much different at that time. Or is there any possibility they can be taken into account?
I surely am going to make some new preorders.
If I buy for example three 2kW units, may I connect/disconnect and turn on/off them on regular basis according to required energy consumption?
Does the on/off cycle of e-cat unit shorten it’s lifespan?
I have read before, that e-cat automatically turns off when there is no energy requirement (for example full batteries). Does it need to be manually turned on then or is there possibility of automatic on/off cycles?
Thank you and God bless you.
Kind regards
Peter Porubsky
Peter Porubsky:
You will be contacted when we will be ready to deliver your pre-order to discuss your updates and optionals
Warm Regards,
A.R.
Dr. Rossi –
what has been tested – the same device as in the latina test or something that has been developed since – like a pre-production sample?
Thank you.
Energy User:
A pre-production sample
Warm Regards,
A.R.
This are the great news.
Now I think that isnt possible to stop the change this energetic world.
Thanks Andrea to you and your teams
Dear Readers,
The series of tests with the CEO and collaborators of our partner’s group has been completed today, after almost three full days of work and discussions.
The tests have been successful and convinced all the industrial, financial and commercial components of our partner.
After today I can confirm that within the year 2025 we will be able to start the deliveries of the Ecat.
I am not authorized to give further information for the time being.
My role in this new organization from now is of Chief Scientist.
Warmest Regards,
Dr Andrea Rossi, CEO
Leonardo Corporation
I Well remember the first days of E-Cat, back in the 2000’s when The earlier experiments were done, I was full of enthusiasm, I feel now the same,”m preparing to spread E-cat revolution, but in the earlier 2000’s I was still smocking, now i am in the edge to start again in this hours due to the stress…
Riccardo DG:
Thank you for your attention to our work for so long,
Warm Regards,
A.R.
Dear Andrea Rossi,
Consider the following System.
One EG4 12kPV Hybrid Inverter – cost $3,500 USD. – No Battery system – see their online spec sheet.
Four 2kW NGU Power Generators – each configured to output 240VDC @ 8.33 Amps.
The EG4 12kPV has 2 MPPTS and each MPPT can accept 2 inputs.
The System would continuously generate approximately 8 kW which could be directly tied to the Grid to sell power back to the Grid.
Costs:
1 EG4 12kPV costs $3,500 USD
4 2kW NGU Power Generators will cost $20,000 USD.
Assume a Grid payback of $0.09 per kw-hr.
8kW will earn $0.72 per hour.
Payback time = $23,500 / $0.72 = 32, 639 hours or 3.72 years if only Grid sell back is used.
Assume residential full rate of $.20USD per kW-hr if the entire 8 kW is consumed in lieu of Grid power. then:
Payback time = $23,500 / $1.60 = 14, 688 hours or 1.68 years.
Thoughts?
Steven Nicholes Karels:
Thank you for the information,
Warm Regards,
A.R.
Followers of the E Cat saga must be awaiting with great excitement the report of May 7th by Dr. Rossi. We do not know what this report will be but personally I hope and expect it may be connected to a final undeniable and unstoppable entry of clean limitless energy into the world markets through E Cat technology and any subsequent developments. The scientific stooges of the oil industry may have derailed the original 1989 cold fusion breakthrough, and labelled the field as ‘pathological science’, but maybe that just makes many of us believers into pathological personalities. The E-Cat technology is not cold fusion but no matter, the cold fusion breakthrough was the seed, from which the mighty E Cat tree, and worldwide forest, will soon, god willing, grow. Human greed and wickedness may have prevented many clean energy technologiues from reaching fruition in the past and the reward if those malign actors is a planet on the precipice of natural destruction. To go one further, perhaps Dr Rossi, and those of his ilk, are in a sense angels sent by the Lord, to save humanity from itself.
Looking forward to your announcement tomorrow, is it by any chance related to the announcement that Trump is excited about?
Todd Burkett:
Leonardo Corporation is a company of the USA, incorporated in the USA in the year 1997,
Warm Regards,
A.R.
Dear Readers,
Today has been published on the Journal of Nuclear Physics the paper “Notes on an Electron Model” by Dr Keith Thomas
Warm Regards,
A.R.
You are leaving your believers standing in the rain not answering how much time will be necessary for us to buy an Ecat.
Dieter Zoeller
Dieter Zoeller:
I respect his opinion,
Warm Regards,
A.R.
Dear Dr. Rossi,
Some time ago you advised us not to spend time and money on design and engineering work for our E-Cat applications. I understood this was because the Data Sheets and other information will be subject to changes. Will you announce a date when it’s time to start our work?
I would also like to ask for your thoughts about showing the E-Cat in action in a practical application. The E-Cat in a practical application has been lacking so far. I think it would give a kick to designers, engineers and buyers for placing volume orders. I believe volume orders are what Leonardo would like very much. Volume orders are needed to distance to competitors who are desperate to catch up. Thank you if you can answer.
Kind regards,
Calle H
Calle H:
Thank you for your suggestion;
Warm Regards,
A.R.
Mailing with my Boss, Mr. Thacker, Ara Partners:
Dear Mr. Thacker,
Your company Ara Partners is the owner of my employer, Vacuumschmelze GmbH in Hanau (Germany).
The goal of Ara Partners is to drive industrial decarbonization in order to make the economy less carbon-intensive. To this end, Ara Partners invests in companies and infrastructure.
You may be familiar with the efforts to decarbonize energy production with the cold nuclear reaction (LENR).
Here is a NASA report:
https://coldreaction.net/get_file.php?id=34820005&vnr=482807
Will the market launch succeed in 2025?
https://lenr.wiki/index.php?title=Zur_geplanten_Markteinf%C3%BChrung_des_E-Cat_im_Jahr_2025
If the market launch succeeds, it would be a huge step towards decarbonization.
I would be delighted to hear your views on the subject.
Answer from Mr. Thacker:
Exciting technologies, but they are still a long way out. Too long to fit within our typical investment style, so I don’t track them closely.
What would be the appropriate response?
Dear Dr. Rossi,
Looking forward to your report on May 7! In the meantime, I have been thinking about your policy on recycling the E-Cat. The policy to make a replacement available for half-price is brilliant, and should bring lots of used units back to the factory.
You have mentioned that the E-Cat will be completely recyclable – can you explain that a little bit more? As I see it, there are the casings, which will be plastic, I presume, then the connectors and wires, electronic components, PCBs, and the reactor itself. Complete recycling is a tough goal – how much will be reused? Can the reactor be put back into use?
Complete recycling should put the E-Cat ahead of many competitors and win support from regulators and governments – recycling old solar panels and wind turbines has proven to be very problematic.
And also it is the right thing to do!
Ron Stringer
Ron Stringer:
Thank you for your kind support.
When we will retrieve the old piece to deliver the new one, all of the old piece will be recycled.
Warm regards,
A.R.
Dr Rossi,
I am studying the publication
http://www.researchgate.net/publication/330601653_E-Cat_SK_and_long_range_particle_interactions
and I want to ask you: is the reference 13 a good viatic to replicate your experiment of paragraphs 6 and 7 ?
Thank you if you can answer,
Best regards,
Yuri
Yuri:
It surely helps,
Warm Regards,
A.R.
Dr. Rossi,
This is the third day since you said there were important developments going on for a week with the Ecat, so far how does your work go? I am hoping for your success, I am sure lots of other people also are, and looking forward to your report.
Sincerely,
Ecat Enthusiast
Ecat Enthusiast:
Thank You for your kind support.
As I said, the report will be published in May 7th.
Warm Regards,
A.R.
Dear Readers:
Please find on
http://www.rossilivecat.com
the comments published in other posts of this blog,
Warm Regards,
A.R.
Dear Andrea Rossi!!!
Your invention and great achievements truly inspire me. Every piece of news from you and your team brings great hope and confidence that soon we will receive something that can help all of humanity transform life and make it more comfortable and independent. I sincerely wish you success in achieving all your goals. We are ready to support and help you.
Best wishes to you.
HEORHII K.
HEORHII:
Thank you for your kind support to our Team,
Warm Regards,
A.R.
DR Rossi,
Can the Ecat technology be considered an exploration of the long distance particle interactions ?
Best,
Vivienne
Vivienne:
I suppose so,
Warm Regards,
A.R.
HEORHII.
Thank you for your support to our Team,
Warm Regards,
A.R.
@Maico:
I suppose a tremendous increase of the COP
Dear Dr Andrea Rossi,
I am glad of the impending report about the progress made by you and your partners. I am sure we will read good news,
Best
Jorge
Ambrogio,
Thank you for your kind support,
Warm Regards,
A.R.
Dear Dr. Rossi,
Thankyou for the update. Please can you confirm if this is (hopefully) a postive notification (such as an ongoing test) and not something that will negatively affect ecat production.
Thanks
Mark Saker
Mark Saker:
I hope positive,
Warm Regards,
A.R.
Dr. Rossi,
Elon Musk says on X: “My prediction is that in the long term, 90% or more of all energy on Earth will be supplied by solar panels with batteries.”
Maybe is he wrong?
Kind regards,
Italo R.
Italo R.:
I am not able to answer,
Warm Regards,
A.R.